Secretary Kerry’s Video Message on the Geneva Talks with Iran

國務卿克里就與伊朗舉行的日內瓦會談發表的視頻講話

Washington, DC

華盛頓哥倫比亞特區

November 26, 2013

2013年11月26日

You’ll be hearing a lot about what the United States and our partners just achieved in Geneva so I wanted to take a minute to share with you an inside view of what we really accomplished here and to explain very clearly what it is and what it isn’t. First of all, this is a beginning. It’s a first step. Over the coming months, we’re going to roll up our sleeves and keep working with the parties at the table in order to reach a final, comprehensive agreement that ensures Iran will not acquire a nuclear weapon and that the nuclear program that they do have will be entirely peaceful. And that has to be absolutely verifiable.

大家將要聽到很多關于美國和我們的伙伴剛剛在日內瓦取得了什么成果，因此，我想用點時間從局內人的角度與大家分享我們所真正取得的結果，并非常清楚地解釋它所包含的內容和它不包含的內容。首先，這只是一個開始。只是第一步。在未來數月，我們將卷起袖子，繼續與參加談判的各方一道努力達成一項最終的、全面的協議，確保伊朗將不會獲得核武器，而他們確實擁有的核項目將完全用于和平目的。并且，該項目必須是完全可核實的。

So let me lay out the main points of what we’ve already achieved here in this first step agreement. And the reason I want to do that is, it’s significant. This agreement that we’ve just signed is the first in almost a decade to put any kind of meaningful limits on Iran’s nuclear program. And we’re not just slowing down its progress; we’re actually halting it and even rolling it back in some key areas. That’s very important. It means that even as we continue to move forward with negotiations, Iran’s nuclear program will not move forward, and in some respects it’s going to be moving backwards.

所以，讓我談談我們在此初步協議中已經取得的成果要點。我之所以這么做，是因為它意義重大。我們剛簽署的這項協議是近十年對伊朗核項目實行任何有意義限制的第一項協議。我們不僅僅在減緩其進度；我們實際上停止了該項目，甚至在某些關鍵領域使其縮減。這非常重要。這意味著，即便在我們的談判繼續推進時，伊朗的核項目也不會發展，而且在某些方面，還將向后退。

So here’s exactly what this agreement does. In order to work, nuclear weapons require either highly enriched uranium or plutonium. Uranium, as I’m sure you know, is found in nature, but it’s found in a form, a raw form, that can’t be used for a bomb. So to make it useful for nuclear weapons, you need to separate the majority of the uranium that is not useful for nuclear weapons from the small amount that is, and this is a process called enrichment.

所以，這就是此項協議的作用。核武器需要高濃縮鈾或钚才會有用。我肯定大家都知道，鈾存在于自然中，但是其所存在的形式是一種原始形式，無法被用于制造炸彈。所以為了能對制造核武器有用，需要把對核武器無用的大多數鈾與有用的少量鈾分開，這一過程被稱為濃縮。

Highly enriched uranium, or HEU, can be produced in a number of ways, but an increasingly common way is through the use of centrifuges because they are low power, very cheap to operate, and easy to hide. Uranium for weapons is about 90% enriched. And uranium for reactors, for instance to give you nuclear power for your electricity in your home, is usually at about 5%. So you see the difference here. Plutonium, on the other hand, is not found in nature. It requires putting uranium into a reactor and then you separate out the plutonium from the uranium. Our proposal addresses both of these paths to nuclear weapons.

高濃縮鈾可通過多種方式生產，但是一種越來越常用的方式是使用離心機，因為離心機耗能低，操作費用低廉，而且容易隱藏。武器級鈾濃縮為大約90%的濃度。而用于反應堆——如給大家家庭用電提供核電——的鈾濃度通常為大約5%。因此，大家看到這里的區別。另一方面，钚不存在于自然中。需要把鈾放入反應堆中，然后把钚從鈾中分離出來。我們的提議考慮到制造核武器的這兩條途徑。

On enrichment, we are eliminating Iran’s stockpile of already enriched - 20% enriched - uranium. We are holding their centrifuge program where it is today, and we are stopping them from using their most advanced centrifuges. These are centrifuges that can separate uranium very quickly and do the enrichment very fast so they are very risky and that’s why we keep them away from that process for now.

關于濃縮，我們將取消伊朗已經濃縮——濃度20%——的鈾儲備。我們將他們的離心機項目保持在目前的水平，并且我們阻止他們使用其最先進的離心機。這些是能夠非?？斓胤蛛x鈾且很快完成濃縮的離心機，所以它們非常危險，正因為如此我們現在不讓其進入運作過程。

On plutonium, we’re putting on hold the most meaningful parts of their reactor that’s currently under construction in a place called Arak, Iran. Now this is their most likely source of plutonium, and that’s why it’s something we are absolutely determined to stop. On top of this, we’re also adding more international inspections so that we know exactly what Iran is doing at these risky places and that is very consistent with our deal and, most importantly, it’s so that we can make absolutely certain that they are not using these facilities during the time that we’re negotiating the comprehensive deal in order to move towards nuclear weapons. In other words, we’re verifying, and for the first time, we will get inspectors into their critical facilities every single day.

關于钚，伊朗正在一個叫做阿拉克的地方建造反應堆，我們暫停其中一些最有意義的部分。目前，這是他們最可能的钚來源，因此是我們絕對堅決阻止的。除此之外，我們還在增加更多的國際核查，以便我們確切了解伊朗在這些危險地方的舉動，這與我們的協議高度一致，最重要的是，這樣我們可以絕對肯定，他們不在我們談判全面協議期間使用這些設施去推進發展核武器。換句話說，我們要核實，并且我們將第一次派核查員每天進入他們的關鍵設施。

Now let me tell you what this first step does not do, because some people are putting out some misinformation on it and I want it to be clear. It does not lift the current architecture of our sanctions. Our sanctions are basically banking and oil sanctions, and those sanctions will stay in place. All the core sanctions on financial services remain firmly in place, and we do this in exchange for Iran keeping its end of the agreement -- that they will get a small amount of additional money which is totally reversible if we need to, if they don’t keep their word, but we give them a small amount of relief. Iran will be allowed to repatriate about $4.2 billion or so in oil revenues and will be allowed to export about $2.5 billion in petrochemicals and vehicles. So believe me, when I say this relief is limited and reversible, I mean it.

現在，讓我告訴大家這第一步中不包括的東西，因為有些人在傳遞錯誤的信息，我希望做到一清二楚。它不會解除我們當前制裁的架構。我們的制裁基本上是銀行和石油制裁，這些制裁將保持不變。所有有關金融服務的核心制裁保持穩固不變，我們這么做是為了讓伊朗遵守協議——他們將獲得少量的額外資金，這在必要時，如果他們不信守承諾，完全可以逆轉，但是，我們給他們少量緩解。伊朗將被允許獲得出售石油所得的約42億美元，并將被允許出口約25億美元的石油化學制品和車輛。所以，相信我，當我說這一緩解是有限并可逆轉時，我說話算數。

We all know that if the agreement falls apart, Iran is going to quickly face even tougher sanctions. I want you to know these were not easy negotiations. We drove a very hard bargain to achieve what we needed to in terms of our verification and certainty about where they’re going. And we drove a hard bargain because we have one unwavering purpose in our goal. President Obama has been absolutely clear that Iran cannot and will not acquire a nuclear weapon. And today, thanks to this effort, we took an important first step towards guaranteeing that that never happens, and I think we did it in the most effective way. We did it through diplomacy.

我們都知道，如果協議失敗，伊朗將很快面臨更嚴厲的制裁。我希望大家知道，這些談判不容易。我們為得到我們需要的核實以及能夠確定他們的走向，進行了非常艱苦的討價還價。我們進行非常艱苦的討價還價是因為，我們有著一個不可動搖的目標。歐巴馬總統一直非常明確，伊朗不能而且將不得獲得核武器。今天，由于這一努力，我們朝著確保絕不出現那種情況邁出了重要的第一步，并且我認為我們以最有效的方式做到了這一點。我們通過外交實現了這一點。

So now it’s time to get back to work. We are immediately going to work on the final agreement, the comprehensive agreement, and our diplomats and our experts will be at the negotiating table very soon again working to achieve this final comprehensive agreement that addresses all of our concerns and our friends: Israel, Saudi Arabia, the Arab Emirates, others. The whole world has an interest in making sure that this is a peaceful program. We absolutely also have an interest in trying to achieve that through a peaceful, diplomatic means and also to have a total answer to the question that challenges the security of the United States, the Middle East, and the world.

所以，現在是回去工作的時候了。我們將立即展開有關最終協議、全面協議方面的工作，我們的外交官和專家將很快重返談判桌，努力達成這一最終的全面協議，以解決我們及我們的朋友——以色列、沙特阿拉伯、阿拉伯聯合酋長國及其他方——的所有關切。確保這是一個和平的項目是全世界的利益所在。通過和平、外交手段努力實現這一目標，為挑戰美國、中東和全世界安全的問題找到一個完整答案也絕對符合我們的利益。

So we’re going to get this done, I hope, but we’re not cocky about it. We’re not overconfident. It’s going to take a lot of work, and in the end, it’s really up to Iran to make the choice, to prove that its program is indeed peaceful. They can say it, but saying it doesn’t make it happen. It has to be proven. And in the end, they have to be the ones to make the choice to do that. So let’s work together, all of us, to try and forge a different future that benefits all of us. Thank you.

所以，我希望我們將完成這項工作，但是我們不會自大。我們不會過于自信。這需要大量的工作，而且最終，這實際上取決于伊朗作出選擇，取決于伊朗證明其項目是真正用于和平目的。他們可以這么說，但是光說是沒用的。必須得到證明。而且最終，必須是由他們作出選擇這樣做。所以，讓我們，我們所有各方，一起合作，努力打造一個有益于我們所有各方的不同未來。謝謝大家。

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