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2013中美領導人莊園會見記者
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Everybody ready? Well, I know we’re a little behind, but that’s mainly because President Xi and I had a very constructive conversation on a whole range of strategic issues, from North Korea to cyberspace to international institutions. And I’m very much looking forward to continuing the conversation, not only tonight at dinner but also tomorrow.
大家準備好了嗎？我知道我們有一點晚，但這主要是因為我和習近平主席在一系列的戰略性問題上進行了關鍵的對話。對話涵蓋了朝鮮問題，網絡問題和國際制度問題等。我十分期待在今晚的晚餐會上繼續進行會談，也同樣期待明天的會談。
But I thought we’d take a quick break just to take a question from both the U.S. and Chinese press. So what I’ll do is I’ll start with Julie Pace and then President Xi can call on a Chinese counterpart.
但是我認為，我們應該短暫休息片刻，以回答中美各方一個記者的問題。那么我就從朱莉佩斯開始，之后習近平主席回答一個中國記者的問題。
Q: Thank you, Mr. President. How damaging has Chinese cyber-hacking been to the U.S.? And did you warn your counterpart about any specific consequences if those actions continue? And also, while there are obviously differences between China’s alleged actions and your government’s surveillance programs, do you think that the new NSA revelations undermine your position on these issues at all during these talks?
總統先生，謝謝。中國的網絡黑客對于美國具有怎樣的損害？您是否警告了習主席，如果這種行動繼續將帶來什么具體問題。很明顯，中國所謂的行動和美國政府的檢測方案存在很多分歧。在此次會談中，您是否認為新一屆美國安全局揭露案使您在這些問題上處于十分不利的地位？
And President Xi, did you acknowledge in your talks with President Obama that China has been launching cyber attacks against the U.S.? Do you also believe that the U.S. is launching similar attacks against China? And if so, can you tell us what any of the targets may have been? Thank you.
習主席，在您與奧巴馬總統的會談中，您是否認識到中國對美國發動了很多起網絡襲擊？您是否同樣認為美國也對中國發動了類似的襲擊？如果是的，您能告訴我們被襲擊的目標是什么嗎？謝謝。
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, Julie, first of all, we haven’t had, yet, in-depth discussions about the cybersecurity issue. We’re speaking at the 40,000-foot level, and we’ll have more intensive discussions during this evening’s dinner.
朱莉，首先，對于網絡安全問題，我們還沒有進行深刻討論。談論正在進行中，在今晚的晚餐會中我們會進行更深層次的討論。
What both President Xi and I recognize is that because of these incredible advances in technology, that the issue of cybersecurity and the need for rules and common approaches to cybersecurity are going to be increasingly important as part of bilateral relationships and multilateral relationships.
我和習近平主席都意識到，由于科技的日新月異，網絡安全問題和建立一個網絡安全共同方法準則的需求在雙邊及多邊關系中日益重要。
In some ways, these are uncharted waters and you don’t have the kinds of protocols that have governed military issues, for example, and arms issues, where nations have a lot of experience in trying to negotiate what’s acceptable and what’s not. And it’s critical, as two of the largest economies and military powers in the world, that China and the United States arrive at a firm understanding of how we work together on these issues.
在某種程度上講，這是一個未知的領域，我們沒有像管理軍隊問題的那種協議，例如軍隊武裝問題，各國在協商可接受的軍隊規模問題上有著豐富的經驗。網絡安全問題十分重要，作為世界上最大的經濟體與軍事力量，中國和美國應在我們怎樣合作解決這些問題上達成堅定的一致。
But I think it’s important, Julie, to get to the second part of your question, to distinguish between the deep concerns we have as a government around theft of intellectual property or hacking into systems that might disrupt those systems -- whether it’s our financial systems, our critical infrastructure and so forth -- versus some of the issues that have been raised around NSA programs.
但是，朱莉， 我們進入很重要的部分——你問題的第二部分：作為政府，我們應區分我們深刻關注的知識產權的竊取問題，或可能導致我們的金融系統，基礎設施等系統崩潰的系統侵入問題，這些都與NSA項目息息相關。
When it comes to those cybersecurity issues like hacking or theft, those are not issues that are unique to the U.S.-China relationship. Those are issues that are of international concern. Oftentimes it’s non-state actors who are engaging in these issues as well. And we’re going to have to work very hard to build a system of defenses and protections, both in the private sector and in the public sector, even as we negotiate with other countries around setting up common rules of the road.
涉及到網絡安全的問題，如入侵系統和竊取信息，這些問題并不是只在美中關系之間獨有的。這些問題是國際社會普遍關注的。事實上很多時候這些問題中的關系人都并非國家授意的。我們應當的做的是更努力的區建設一個無論在私人領域還是公共領域都完善的防御和保護系統。這就同我們和別的國家協商共同交通法則一樣。
And as China continues in its development process and more of its economy is based on research and innovation and entrepreneurship, they’re going to have similar concerns, which is why I believe we can work together on this rather than at cross-purposes.
中國正在繼續它的發展進程。并且現在中國的經濟更有賴于研究、創新和創業。兩國面臨著相似的顧慮，因此兩國更應該共同進步而不是互相誤解。
Now, the NSA program, as I discussed this morning, is a very limited issue, but it does have broad implications for our society because you’ve got a lot of data out there, a lot of communications that are in cyberspace. And how we deal with both identifying potential terrorists or criminals, how the private sector deals with potential theft, and how the federal government, state governments, local governments and the private sector coordinate to keep out some of these malicious forces while still preserving the openness and the incredible power of the Internet and the web and these new telecommunications systems -- that’s a complicated and important piece of business. But it’s different from these issues of theft and hacking.
上午時說的，NSA這個問題是有局限性的。當然，它對我么社會也有廣泛的影響，因為有大量的數據和通訊是通過網絡空間的，所以我們如何處理這些問題，我們怎么識別出一些潛在的恐怖主義分子及犯罪分子，同時，私人部門也要保護自己不要受到盜竊的影響，聯邦政府，州政府，地方政府和私有部門怎樣有效底進行協調來防止這里惡勢力的影響。同時保護我們強大的，開放的互聯網和萬維網的機制。這是非常重要的問題，這不同于黑客行為，這是另外的一個問題。
And every government is then inevitably going to be involved in these issues, just like big companies are going to be involved in these issues. I mean, you’ve got private companies that have a lot more data and a lot more details about people’s emails and telephone calls than the federal government does. And if we’re called upon not only to make sure that we’re anticipating terrorist communications but we’re also called upon to work with the private sector to prevent theft out of ATMs, et cetera, then we’re going to have to find ways to deal with this big data in ways that are consistent with our values; in ways that protect people’s privacy, that ensure oversight, and strike the right balance.And as I indicated this morning, that’s a conversation that I welcome having.
不可避免的是所有的的政府都會牽扯到這個問題，就像一些大的企業也涉及這些問題。一些私有企業，他們擁有的一些數據，和一些細節，包括人們的電子郵件，和其他的一些通信的內容比聯邦政府還有多得多。所以一方面要求我們防止恐怖主義的通訊行為，同時要保護私人企業的隱私權，防止自動提款機被盜竊等等，同時要符合我們的價值觀，保護人們的隱私，要進行有效的監督，關鍵是有效地平衡。正如今早所說的，我歡迎人們討論這個問題。
PRESIDENT XI:正像奧巴馬總統先生講到的，我們就網絡安全問題的探討啊，在第一輪會晤時只是剛剛的涉及，那么，中國政府呢，是網絡安全的堅定的維護者，也對網絡安全持有重大的關切。
As President Obama said, in our meeting this afternoon we just briefly touched upon the issue of cybersecurity. And the Chinese government is firm in upholding cybersecurity and we have major concerns about cybersecurity.
在我與奧巴馬總統這次元首會晤之前的幾天啊，我也關注到媒體上對于網絡安全問題的關注度悚然提高，這方面的信息很大，似乎給人一種感覺，網絡安全的主要威脅來自中國。或者說呢，中美之間最突出的問題就是這個問題。
A few days before President Obama and I meet today, I note a sharp increased media coverage of the issue of cybersecurity. This might give people the sense or feeling that cybersecurity as a threat mainly comes from China or that the issue of cybersecurity is the biggest problem in the China-U.S. relationship.
新技術的應用，可以說是一把雙刃劍，既推動了人類的物質文化生活的進步，同時也帶來了一些管理上的問題，對于無論是國家，企業，社會和個人都有著權利的危害。這方面確實存在著這種情況。
The application of new technology is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it will drive progress in ensuring better material and cultural life for the people. On the other hand, it might create some problems for regulators and it might infringe upon the rights of states, enterprises, societies and individuals.
我們要切實高度關注這個事情，并且研究如何有效地加以解決。這也正是中美在務實合作中需要加以合作的一個方面，我也高興了解到我們已經商定在中美戰略與經濟對話機制下，專門設一個中美關于網絡安全問題的工作小組，我們所以說，中美正在加緊研究這個問題。
We need to pay close attention to this issue and study ways to effectively resolve this issue. And this matter can actually be an area for China and the United States to work together with each other in a pragmatic way. And I'm happy to learn that within the context of the China-U.S. strategic and economic dialogue, a working group has been established to discuss cybersecurity issues. So this is an issue that the two sides will continue to discuss.
我想我們通過一種真誠的合作，消除猜疑，反而可以使中美在信息安全領域，網絡安全領域成為今后加強中美關系的一個亮點。
By conducting good-faith cooperation we can remove misgivings and make information security and cybersecurity a positive area of cooperation between China and the U.S.
因為這是我們共同的需求和關切。中國也是網絡安全方面的一個受害者，我們也希望切實解決這個問題。謝謝。
Because China and the United States both have a need and both share a concern, and China is a victim of cyber attacks and we hope that earnest measures can be taken to resolve this matter.Thank you.
Q: 我是中國中央電視臺的記者，那么我問題習近平主席的問題是：您能不能介紹一下在剛剛這次比預習時間要長的會晤當中，您和奧巴馬總統重點都討論了哪些問題?達成了哪些共識？另外非常想了解的就是去年您在訪問美國的時候提出中美應該探索構建一種您稱之為“前無古人，后啟來者”的新型大國關系。之后，中美新型大國關系也成為了中美兩國，包括國際社會的熱議話題，那么在剛剛的會晤當中，您和奧巴馬總統是不是就此進行了進一步的討論？那么我問奧巴馬總統的問題，同樣有關于新型大國關系，您認為美國方面如何為這種新型大國關系作出努力？謝謝。
I’m with China Central Television and my question for President Xi is, what are the main issues that were discussed in the longer-than-expected meeting this afternoon? And what are the major areas of consensus that have emerged from the discussion? And last year, when you were visiting the United States, you raised the concept of the two sides working together to explore what you call a new model of major country relationship, something that is unprecedented in the relationship and that can inspire future generations. And after this concept was raised, there has been much discussion and comment on it, both in China and the United States and in the world more broadly. So did you have further discussion on this issue in your meeting this afternoon?And my question for President Obama is, what will the United States do to contribute to the building of a new model of major country relationship between China and the U.S.?
PRESIDENT XI:我和奧巴馬總統進行了第一次會晤，我們就各自的內外政策，建設新型大國關系，以及我們共同關心的國際和地區問題深入坦誠地交換了意見，并且達成了共識。
In the first meeting that I’ve had with President Obama this afternoon, we had an in-depth, sincere and candid discussion on the domestic and foreign policies of China and the United States, on our joint work to build a new model of major country relationship, on our international and regional issues of mutual interest. And the President and I reached important consensus on these issues.
我向奧巴馬總統明確地表示，中國將堅定不移走和平發展道路，堅定不移深化改革、擴大開放，我們要努力實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，也努力促進人類和平與發展的崇高事業。
I stated very clearly to President Obama that China will be firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and China will be firm in deepening reform and opening up the country wider to the world. China will work hard to realize the Chinese dream of the great national renewal and will work hard to push forward the noble cause of peace and development for all mankind.
中國夢是國家富強、民族復興、人民幸福，它也是是和平、發展、合作、共贏的夢，與包括美國夢在內的世界各國人民的美好夢想相通。
By the Chinese dream, we seek to have economic prosperity, national renewal and people’s well-being. The Chinese dream is about cooperation, development, peace and win-win, and it is connected to the American Dream and the beautiful dreams people in other countries may have.
我和奧巴馬總統一致認為，在當前面對經濟全球化和各國同舟共濟的客觀需求下，中美兩國一定要走出一條不同于以往歷史上大國之間必然沖突對抗的新路。那么，這樣的一條道路，我們認為雙方要努力構建新型大國關系，相互尊重，合作共贏，以造福于兩國人民和世界人民。這也是國際社會的重要關注，因為中美兩國合作好了，這是界穩定的壓艙石、是世界和平的助推器。
President Obama and I both believe that in the age of economic globalization and facing the objective need of countries sticking together in the face of difficulties, China and the United States must find a new path -- one that is different from the inevitable confrontation and conflict between the major countries of the past. And that is to say the two sides must work together to build a new model of major country relationship based on mutual respect and win-win cooperation for the benefit of the Chinese and American peoples, and people elsewhere in the world. The international community looks to China and the United States to deliver this. When China and the United States work together, we can be an anchor for world stability and the propeller of world peace.
當然這個事業是一個“前無古人，后啟來者”的事業，這需要我們不斷去增進了解，加強互信，發展合作，廣控分歧。來確實走出一條避免傳統大國必然對抗的老路。而走出一條新型大國關系的新路。
Of course, this endeavor is unpredecented and one that will inspire future generations, so we need to deepen our mutual understanding, strengthen our mutual trust, for the development and cooperation and manage our differences, so that we can avoid the tranditional path of inevitable confrontation between major countries and really embaek on a new path.
中華民族和美利堅民族都是偉大的民族，兩國人民都是偉大的民族。只要我們能夠登高望遠，也能夠積微成著，從大處著眼，小處著手，保持我們的信心和決心，保持我們的智慧和耐心，我相信我們一定能完成這樣的歷史使命。
The Chinese nation and American nation are great nations, and the Chinese people and American people are great peoples. As long as we stand high, and look far, as long as we make specific progress, and accumulate them overtime, as long as we maintain confidence and determination, as long as we have wisdom and patience, I'm confident we will succeed in achieving this historic mission.
我講的太長了，謝謝。
I'm sorry for going too long, thank you.
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Well, I think President Xi summarized very well the scope of our conversations.
我認為習主席很好地總結了我們討論的范圍。
We spoke about some very specific issues -- for example, President Xi mentioned the importance of military-to-military communications. In the past, we've had high-level diplomatic communications about economic and strategic issues, but we haven't always had as effective communications between our militaries. And at a time when there's so much activity around the world, it's very important that we each understand our strategic objectives at the military as well as the political levels. So that's an example of concrete progress that can advance this new model of relations between the United States and China.
我們也討論了很多具體問題，比如習主席提到了兩軍溝通的重要性，過去我們有過高層的外交方面的溝通，討論經濟問題，戰略問題，但是我們的兩軍之間的溝通并不總是這么有效。所以當世界上有這么多的事情的時候，我們非常需要了解各自的戰略的目標。包括在軍事層次，也包括在政治層次，所以這是一個可以取得具體進展的一個領域，用來促進美中兩國這種新型關系的一個模式。
So we'll be taking steps to institutionalize and regularize such discussions.
所以我們會采取措施使這種討論制度化，并是經常性的。
But more broadly, I think President Xi identified the essence of our discussions in which we shared our respective visions for our countries' futures and agreed that we're more likely to achieve our objectives of prosperity and security of our people if we are working together cooperatively, rather than engaged in conflict.
可是更廣泛來說，習主席也指出了，我們討論的主要的內容，就各自介紹了各自國家未來的一些愿景，我們一致認為，加入我們能夠進行很好的合作，而不進行對抗的話，更能夠實現我們人民繁榮和安全的目標。
And I emphasized my firm belief to President Xi that it is very much in the interest of the United States for China to continue its peaceful rise, because if China is successful, that helps to drive the world economy and it puts China in the position to work with us as equal partners in dealing with many of the global challenges that no single nation can address by itself.
而且我特別向習主席強調了中國繼續和平崛起是特別符合美國自身的利益，因為中國取得成功的話，這是有助于驅動全球的經濟，而且使中國能夠處在，作為一個平等的伙伴，我們一起來應對世界上的許多挑戰，這種挑戰沒有一個國家能夠單獨的應對。
So, for example, neither country by itself can deal with the challenge of climate change. That's an issue that we'll have to deal with together. China as the largest country, as it continues to develop, will be a larger and larger carbon emitter unless we find new mechanisms for green growth. The United States, we have the largest carbon footprint per capita in the world; we've got to bring down our carbon levels in order to accommodate continued growth. And so that will translate then into opportunities for specific work around green technologies and research and development, and interactions between our scientists so that we can, together, help advance the goal of a sustainable planet, even as we continue to grow and develop.
舉個例子來說，氣候變化沒有一個國家能偶單獨應對這個挑戰。我們必要合作才行。中國是一個大國，而且在繼續發展，是一個最大的碳的排放方，所以我們需要找出一些新的綠色增長的一些機制，美國，按照人均來算，碳足跡是最大的，而且我們在繼續取得增長的時候，必須要減少這方面的排放，所以這一回給我們帶來很多新的合作的機會，也包括在綠色技術方面的研究和發展，而且讓我們兩國的科學家能夠互動來促進一個可持續的星球的最終目標而同時進行經濟的發展。
We've got a lot of work to do to take these broad understandings down to the level of specifics, and that will require further discussions not only today and tomorrow, but for weeks, months, years to come.
所以要把這些廣泛的諒解帶到一些具體層次的話，還有大量的工作要做，不僅僅是今天和明天的討論，還要花好幾周，好幾個月，好幾年的時間才能做到。
But what I'm very encouraged about is that both President Xi and myself recognize we have a unique opportunity to take the U.S.-China relationship to a new level. And I am absolutely committed to making sure that we don't miss that opportunity.
但是我們感到非常鼓舞的是，習主席和我絕對是致力于利用這個機會使美中關系跨上一個新的層次，而且絕對不要錯過這個機會。
Thank you very much, everybody.
非常感謝大家。
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