評論
打印
1. Such large, impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class, an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners: and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
[參考譯文] 這樣巨大而非個人的對資金和產(chǎn)業(yè)的操縱極大地增加了股東的數(shù)量和他 們作為一個階級的重要性，這是國家生活中代表不負(fù)責(zé)任的財富的一個 因素，這種財富不但遠(yuǎn)離了土地和土地?fù)碛姓叩呢?zé)任，而且?guī)缀跬瑯优c 公司的負(fù)責(zé)任的管理毫無關(guān)系。
2. Towns like Bournemouth and Eastbourne sprang up to house large "comfortable" classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends and occasionally attending a shareholders' meeting to dictate their orders to the management.
[參考譯文] 像伯恩茅斯和伊斯特本這樣的城鎮(zhèn)的涌現(xiàn)是為了給那些數(shù)量很多的"舒適"階級提供居住場所。這些人依賴于其豐厚收入而不工作，他們除了 分紅和偶爾參加一下股東大會，向管理層口授一下自己的命令之外，跟社會的其他階層毫無瓜葛。 3. The "shareholders" as such had no knowledge of the lives, thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares, and his influence on the relations of capital and labor was not good.
[參考譯文] 這樣的"股東"對他擁有股份的公司所雇用的工人們的生活、思想和需 求一無所知，而且他們對勞資雙方的關(guān)系都不會產(chǎn)生積極的影響。
4. The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with the men and their demands, but even he had seldom that familiar personal knowledge of the workmen which the employer had often had under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away.
[參考譯文] 代表公司的花錢雇來的經(jīng)理與工人及其需求的關(guān)系更加直接，但是就連 他對工人們也沒有那種熟識的私人之間的了解。而在現(xiàn)在正在消失的古 老家族公司的那種更加家長式的制度下的雇主們卻常常對他們的工人有 這樣的私人關(guān)系。
5. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country's excellent elementary schools: a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiums to inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, "spatial" thinking about things technological.
[參考譯文] 在許多形成因素當(dāng)中，我將挑選出這些：這個國家優(yōu)秀的小學(xué)教育：歡 迎新技術(shù)的勞動者們：獎勵發(fā)明者的做法;而且最重要的是美國人在對 那些技術(shù)性事物的非言語的、"空間性的"思考方面的天賦。
