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定語從句在英語中大量出現(xiàn).有長有短,結(jié)構(gòu)有繁有簡,對先行詞的限制有強(qiáng)有弱,有時(shí)起著補(bǔ)充說明的作用,或者在邏輯上表示原因,目的,條件,讓步和結(jié)果等等意義.因此對定語從句的翻譯顯得尤其重要,以下我將介紹給大家一些定語從句翻譯的技巧
1) 壓縮法
把英語的定語從句壓縮成漢語的一個(gè)句子成分,也就是譯成漢語中帶"的"詞組,當(dāng)定語從句叫簡短,則把這個(gè)帶"的"漢語定語詞組置于被修辭的詞語之前
No doubt there are questions or principles involved which can not be ignored and underestimated.
無疑,這里涉及人們不能忽視或低估的原則問題
Law offers us our best hope of overcoming the differences that prevail the world.
法律使我們對克服世界上普遍存在的分歧有了最大的希望
But Miggle's laugh , which was very infectious , broke the silence.
但是,密格爾的富有感染力的笑聲打破了沉默
The deterioration of the international situation , which I noted in the introduction to the annual report last year , has continued.
我在去年的年度報(bào)告導(dǎo)言中提到的那種國際形勢的惡化一直在繼續(xù)
2) 拆譯法
如果定語從句冗長復(fù)雜,不論是限制性的或是非限制性的,往往可以譯成并列句,放在主句的前后,偶爾還可以完全脫離主句而獨(dú)立成句
He will show her the place where they could make her look a proper dame----for next to nothing .
他可以帶她到那個(gè)地方,在哪兒他們會(huì)把她打扮成一個(gè)漂亮的少女,而且花不了幾個(gè)錢
I told the news to Robert, who told it to his friend Larry and soon the news spread all over the campus.
我把消息告訴了羅伯特,他又告訴了他的朋友萊里,消息很快在校園里傳開了
They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which in the past ,many Chinese have laid down their lives.
他們在為實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)理想而奮斗,這個(gè)理想是每個(gè)中國人所珍愛的,許多中國人曾為之獻(xiàn)出自己的生命
He had talked to Vice-President Nixon, who assured him that everything that could be done would be done.
他和副總統(tǒng)尼克松談過話,副總統(tǒng)向他保證,凡是能夠做到的,一定盡力去辦.
3) 轉(zhuǎn)譯法
英語中有些定語從句在邏輯上對主句起著狀語的作用,說明原因,目的,結(jié)果,條件和讓步等等關(guān)系.漢譯時(shí)應(yīng)從原文的字里行間審定這些邏輯關(guān)系,然后譯成漢語相應(yīng)的偏正復(fù)句.
The strike would prevent the docking of ocean steamships , which require assistance of tugboats.
罷工使遠(yuǎn)洋輪不能靠岸,因?yàn)榭堪缎枰洗膸椭?/P>
Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries , who will negotiate trade agreement with the respective government.
中國派出貿(mào)易代表團(tuán)前往非洲各國,以便與這些國家的政府商談貿(mào)易協(xié)定
My uncle , who will be seventy tomorrow , is still a keen sportsman .
盡管我大伯明天就滿70歲了,但他仍然熱衷于戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)
