—跳讀式閱讀法:
跳讀式閱讀法:跳讀文章—瀏覽題目—回原文定位破解
先快讀文章框架,之后進入五道題的題干,確定考查點和線索,最后回原文定位。何謂文章框架?就是閱讀老師們常講的每段首句和末句,因為命題人習慣在這些位置提出作者的主旨和結論。我們在快速掌握文章結構大意的基礎上,可以明確題目的大致出處,這樣能高效率地準確定位相關信息。否則,我們就會被長文章搞得暈頭轉向,不知信息在哪段出現,定位時亂讀,就會耗費很多時間,而且造成理解不連貫。
例如:2006年大綱樣題閱讀第一部分的第四篇文章,作者針對小布什削減衛生教育經費用于火星登陸的計劃展開反駁,跳讀時我們快讀每段首句末句,會得到以下信息:
-----“Two centuries ago, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark left St.Louis to explore the new lands acquired in the Louisiana Purchase,” George Bush said……
------“America has ventured forth into space for the same reasons.”
-----Yet there are vital differences between Lewis and Clark’s expedition and a Mars mission…...(16題對應句,下文有充足論據證明)
-----A Mars mission may be the single most expensive non-wartime undertaking in U.S. history.
-----Present systems for getting from Earth’s surface to low-Earth orbit are so fantastically expensive ……
-----Yet rocks can be analyzed by automated probes without risk to human life, and at tiny fraction of the cost of sending people.(18題對應句,可往前再搜索一句)
-----Reprogramming some of NASA’s present budget into the Mars effort, might actually lead to a reduction in such unmanned science.(19題對應句)
-----Rather than spend hundreds of billions of dollars to hurl tons toward Mars using current technology, why not take a decade?…(17、20題對應句)…
-----For the moment, going to Mars is hopelessly unrealistic.
由此可見,讀完以上首尾句,大概157個單詞,我們對本文主旨大意已經有了準確把握。美國總統認為登陸火星計劃將是人類的一大創舉,而作者一針見血指出其代價是消耗巨額資金,反而不如現行做法,省錢省力。最后強調登陸火星是完全不現實的。細讀后面五道題所問的信息時,幾乎都能在首尾句中找到暗示。我們快讀題干,之后回到相關位置,定位到原文五個對應句,認真閱讀,再通過上下文得到更多的證據,也就大功告成了。