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The Environment—A Global Challenge
環境問題——全球面臨的挑戰
Have you ever seen bald stumps flanked on sides of highroads, plastic bags flapping in the wind, or black smoke ejecting from factory chimneys? Do you think of animals that are on the verge (brim) of extinction? But what's the cause of all these phenomena?
你是否看見過公路兩旁光禿禿的樹樁、風中飄動的塑料袋、工廠的煙囪中噴出的黑煙?你是否想到過瀕臨滅絕的動物?那么這一切是由什么引起的呢?
As is well known, with the development of modern industry and transportation, there are more and more kinds of harmful substances discharged consecutively to atmosphere. Chemical reactions among those substances foul the air quality of cities to be even worse, which incur the great qualitative change of atmospheric constituents. Nearly every metropolitan inhabitant is exposed to the air pollution.
眾所周知，隨著現代工業和交通運輸的發展，向大氣中排放有害物質的種類越來越多。污染物質之間的相互化學反應使城市的空氣質量更加惡劣，并引起大氣成分急劇地發生著質的變化。在大都市生活的人幾乎都在遭受著空氣污染的危害。
It is notable that China has become one of the most serious air polluted countries in the world. The coverage of air polluted cities expands gradually. An authoritative census of the United Nations manifested that about 400,000 casualties were incurred by annual air pollution in the year 2000. Nowadays, in the aggregate there are 30 most serious air polluted cities in the world (inclusive of 16 cities in China).
值得注意的是，我國已成為世界上大氣污染最嚴重的國家之一，污染城市范圍不斷擴大。2000年，聯合國的一份權威報告指出，每年因為空氣污染而導致40萬人死亡。如今，世界上30個空氣污染最嚴重的城市中，有16個都在中國。
Automobile drainage is a major cause of air pollution, whose most serious damage is that it generates photochemical smog which can cause the death of vegetation, prune crop yield, reduce atmosphere visibility and even preclude the traffic.
汽車尾氣可謂是大氣污染的“元兇”之一。汽車尾氣最主要的危害是形成光化學煙霧。光化學煙霧能使草木枯死，農作物大量減產；降低大氣的能見度，妨礙交通。
Air pollution might destroy the ozone layer, which will block off the ultraviolet rays. The hole in the ozone layer will lead to creatures on the Earth be exposed to radioactive materials. Furthermore, other consequences of air pollution becomes more and more serious. For example, the lower atmosphere visibility, more rapidly degenerated forests, snowstorms and so on.
臭氧層可以阻擋紫外線，但大氣污染會破壞臭氧層。沒有了這個屏障，地球上的生物將受到放射線的威脅。而且，大氣污染還帶來其他的危害，后果越來越嚴重，比如大氣能見度低、森林迅速退化和暴風雪災害等。
In addition, environmental problem varies. Penguins, who live in polar region, might suffer from greenhouse effect! Drought and hurricane might be caused by ecological damage.
另外，現在的環境問題呈現多樣性。極地地區的企鵝可能會受到溫室效應的危害!干旱和颶風也可能是由生態破壞引起的!
In general, preventing the environment from being polluted is not only the liability of related departments but also the compulsory liability of us without any pretext at all. We should make a long-term view and adopt the optimum, effective yet economical salvation, dedicating ourselves to forestation and purifying the air. Let us hold our hands together and cherish our invaluable environment.
總而言之，保護環境不僅是有關部門的職責，也是我們每個人不可推卸的責任。我們應該把目光放得更遠一些，采取最佳有效而且經濟的措施，投身于綠化造林，凈化空氣的行列中。讓我們攜起手共同保護我們珍貴的環境。
If we soberly think about the reciprocal relation between human beings and the environment, we would discover how absurd of men to undermine the environment despite consequences! If we continue to give a free hand to environmental problems without any intervention, human health would be under the menace of environmental pollution. We should protect our environment with our handy ability, heighten the consciousness of environmental protection and seek a practicable way to preclude disrupting ecology. For example, not throwing cigarette foils on meadow or beaches; planting a tree every year; recycling foams and industrial scraps. We should also seek for a suitable clearances method on our household waste such as junks or litters in our home. We hope that fish would return into brooks, forests would again cover the mountains and highlands, and people all over the world would live in a clean environment in the future.
如果冷靜地思考人類和環境之間的相互關系，我們會發現人類為了眼前利益不顧一切地破壞環境是多么的可笑!如果不加干涉地發展下去，人為造成的環境破壞將危及人民的健康。我們應該用自己力所能及的行動保護環境，必須加強環保意識，尋求一種可行的方式防止生態遭受破壞......例如不要在草地或海邊亂扔煙頭、每年植一棵樹、循環利用泡沫材料和工業廢料等等。我們還應該尋求一種更好的辦法來清理家中產生的廢舊雜物和垃圾。我們盼望魚兒重新回到河中，高山丘陵布滿森林，全世界人民生活在清潔的環境中。
