難句解析:
①Tight-lipped elders used to say, "It's not what you want in this world, but what you get."
▲此句的主要結構是elders used to say+直接引語。直接引語中是主系表的結構,其中表語中用了not... but的結構。
△not... but(不是……而是)結構是理解這個句子的重點。在not... but結構中,說話者所要強調的重點在but之后。注意在理解tight-lipped這一短語時要有一定的聯想能力,從字面上理解,它的意思應該是“嘴唇緊繃的”,而此處結合上下文應該理解為“出言謹慎的”。
②You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.
▲這句話是and連接的兩個并列句。在第一個分句中,as是連詞,引導比較狀語從句,把a mental blueprint of a desire和a blueprint of a house相比較。第二個分句的主體結構是each of us is... making blueprints...。第二個分句中的is continually making的用法:一般進行時在這里用來表示經常發生的事情。這樣的結構常用來表達經常發生的令人不快、令人討厭的事情。副詞always,forever,constantly和continually都經常用于這樣的結構中。在此處,它表示一個經常重復的動作。
③While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
▲這句話是由and連接的兩個并列句組成的。第一個分句的主干結構是:employer is deciding whether...;第二句的主干結構是:your "wares" and abilities must be displayed...。第一個分句中while引導了一個伴隨動作talking,其實是一個簡略了的時間狀語從句:while (he is) talking to you;decide后面接了一個whether引導的賓語從句:whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you。
△首先要分清兩個分句的關系和各自的起始位置。另外要注意副詞orderly和reasonably都是修飾形容詞connected的。另外因為文章作者認為找工作是在推銷自己,所以這里用了“wares”來表示應聘者的資格、能力。could be表示“有可能的,潛在的”。
④When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell.
▲when引導時間狀語從句,主句是you have something tangible to sell。
△首先要注意形容詞修飾不定代詞something,nothing,anything,somebody,anywhere等的時候,形容詞需后置,例如:Anything important?另外,have+名詞+動詞不定式,這一結構中的動詞不定式相當于定語從句,這里是修飾something的。
adj. 確定的,必然的,特定的
pron.