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Good morning everyone.Now whether you're going to university to study business or some other subject,
大家早上好?，F在，無論你們是在大學中學習商業還是其他專業，
many of you will eventually end up working for a company of some kind.
最后你們中的許多人都會去一些公司上班。
Now,when you first start working somewhere you will realise that the organisation you've joined has certain characteristics.
當你剛開始在某家公司工作時，你會發現你加入的這家公司有某些特征。
And we often refer to these social characteristics as the culture of the organisation
我們經常把這些社會特征稱為公司文化。
this includes its unwritten ideas,beliefs,values and things like that.
它們包括一些不成文的想法、理念、價值等等。
One well known writer has classified company cultures by identifying four major types.
一位知名作家將公司文化分為四個主要類型。
The first type is called the Power Culture,and it's usually found in small organisations.
第一種是權力文化，經常出現在小公司里。
It's the type of culture that needs a central source of power to be effective,
這種文化需要權力的中央來源是有效的，
and because control is in the hands of just one or two people there aren't many rules or procedures.
因為控制權只在一、兩個人的手中，所以沒有很多規則或程序。
Another characteristic is that communication usually takes the form of conversations rather than, say, formal meetings or written memos.
另一種特征通常是對話形式的交流，而不是正規的開會或寫備忘錄。
Now one of the benefits of this culture is that the organisation has the ability to act quickly,
這種文化的優點是公司有迅速作出反應的能力，
so it responds well to threat,or danger on the one hand,and opportunity on the other.
所以它可以及時應對威脅、危險或機遇。
But on the negative side,this type of organisation doesn't always act effectively,
但是消極的一面是這類公司不能總是有效的做出行動，
because it depends too much on one or two people at the top, and when these people make poor decisions there's no-one else who can influence them.
因為它太依賴于頂層的一、兩個人，當這些人做出錯誤的選擇時，沒有人能左右他們。
And the kind of person who does well in this type of business culture is one who is happy to take risks, andfor whom job security is a low priority.
在這種公司文化里做得好的人是那種樂意冒險，對工作保障考慮較靠后的人。
