評論
打印
Next, there needs to be a description of the fracture line.
接下來，我們需要對骨折線進行描述。
Does the fracture line go across the bone (transverse) , at an angle (oblique) or does it spiral?
骨折線是否穿過骨頭（橫斷的），或是呈一點角度（偏斜的），還是螺旋的？
Is the fracture in two pieces or is it comminuted，in multiple pieces?
是骨折處骨骼被分裂成兩塊，還是被分裂成多塊的粉碎性骨折？
A greenstick fracture describes the situation when the bone partially breaks.
青枝骨折描述的是骨頭部分斷裂。
This often occurs in infants and children where the bone hasn’t completely calcified and has the potential to bend instead of breaking completely through.
多見于嬰兒和兒童，因骨骼沒有完全鈣化，骨頭不會完全斷裂，而是發生彎曲。
It is similar to trying to break off a young branch or shoot from a tree (a green stick).
類似于試圖折斷一根嫩綠樹枝，或從樹上射擊（嫩綠樹枝）。
Other fracture terms include torus or buckle fracture, again when only part of a bone breaks, but this may occur in adults as well.
其它骨折類型包括隆起骨折，隆起骨折也是部分骨折，但也會見于成人。
Finally, the fracture's alignment is described as to whether the fracture fragments are displaced or in their normal anatomic position.
最后，骨折對位線描述的是骨折部位是否發生移位，或處在正常解剖位置。
If the bones fragments aren't in the right place, they need to be reduced or placed back into their normal alignment.
若骨折部位不在正常位置，那么需要進行復位。
WHAT ARE COMMON TYPES OF FRACTURES?
普遍骨折種類
STRESS FRACTURE
應力性骨折
A stress fracture is an overuse injury.
它是一種過度使用性損傷。
Because of repeated micro-trauma, the bone can fail to absorb the shock that is being put upon it and become weakened.
因不斷出現輕傷，骨骼無法吸收反復碰撞所產生的震動，變得更加脆弱。
Often it is seen in the lower leg, the shin bone (tibia), or foot.
通常出現在小腿脛骨或腳骨。
Athletes are at risk the most, because they have repeated footfalls on hard surfaces.
因常在硬地面行走，運動員受傷風險最大。
Tennis players, basketball players, jumpers, and gymnasts are typically at risk.
尤其會出現在網球、籃球、跳高以及體操運動員身上。
A march fracture is the name given to a stress fracture of the metatarsal or long bones of the foot.
行軍骨折指的是跖骨或長骨疲勞性骨折。
(It is named because it often occurs in soldiers who are required to march long distances.)
因常發生在長途行軍的軍人身上。
Diagnosis is made by history and physical exam, though on occasion a bone scan, CT scan, or MRI may be done to confirm the diagnosis.
確診方式通常為病歷或體檢，一次偶然的骨骼檢測、CT檢查或磁共振成像也能確診。
Treatment is conservative, rest, ice, and anti-inflammatory medication like ibuprofen.
治療方式為保守治療，通過休息、冰敷以及服用像布洛芬等消炎藥進行治療。
These fractures can take six to eight weeks to heal.
上述骨折的恢復時間為6-8周。
Trying to return too quickly may cause re-injury, and may also allow the stress fracture to extend through the entire bone and displace.
拔苗助長或將再次造成損傷，應力性骨折也會延伸至整個骨骼，并最終造成移位。
Surgery is not commonly performed for routine stress fractures.
常規應力性骨折治療通常不進行手術。
譯文屬可可英語原創，未經允許，不得轉載。
