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APPENDICULAR SKELETON
附肢骨骼
The appendicular skeleton (126 bones) consists of the upper extremities (60), lower extremities (60) , pectoral girdle (4) , and pelvic girdle (2).
附肢骨骼（126塊）分為上肢骨（60塊）、下肢骨（60塊）、肢帶骨（4塊）以及腰帶骨（2塊）。
These are the bones for our appendages or limbs and, along with the muscles attached to them, they are responsible for body movement.
這些骨骼組成了我們的附肢或肢體，肌肉附著在附肢骨周邊，附肢骨骼保證肢體活動。
The pectoral girdle consists of the clavicle and scapula bones.
肢帶骨由鎖骨和肩胛骨組成。
It functions to attach the upper extremity, or arm, to the axial skeleton by articulating with the sternum anteriorly and the vertebral column posteriorly.
通過與胸骨前側，脊柱后側相連，肢帶骨可將上肢骨與中軸骨相連。
The bones of the upper extremity include the humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges.
上肢骨包括肱骨、尺骨、橈骨、腕骨、掌骨以及趾骨
The pelvic girdle is called the os coxae or the innominate bone or hipbone.
腰帶骨也被稱之為髖骨，無名骨或臀骨。
It articulates with the sacrum posteriorly to attach the lower extremity, or leg, to the axial skeleton.
通過與薦骨后側相連，從而將下肢骨與中軸骨相連。
It contains the ilium, ischium, and pubis.
腰帶骨包括腸骨、坐骨以及恥骨。
The lower extremity bones include the femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals and phalanges.
下肢骨包括股骨、膝蓋骨、脛骨、腓骨、跗骨、跖骨以及趾骨。
BONE STRUCTURE
骨骼結構
Several different types of bones are found throughout the body.
人身體有許多不同種類骨骼。
They basically fall into four categories：long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones.
大體上可以分為四種：長骨、短骨、扁平骨以及不規則骨。
Long bones are longer than they are wide.
長骨的長要多于長骨的寬。
Examples are the femur and humerus.
典型長骨為股骨和肱骨。
Short bones are roughly as long as they are wide.
大體而言，短骨長寬相近。
The carpals and tarsals are short bones.
腕骨和跗骨是短骨。
Irregular bones received their name because the shapes of the bones are very irregular.
之所以得名不規則骨是因為骨骼不規則。
The vertebrae are irregular bones.
脊椎為不規則骨。
Flat bones are usually plate-shaped bone such as the sternum, scapulae, and pelvis.
扁平骨通常為扁平狀，例如胸骨、肩胛骨以及盆骨。
譯文屬可可英語原創，未經允許，不得轉載。
