一、巧用語(yǔ)境法搞定不定代詞few和little
不定代詞few和little的主要特點(diǎn)是表示否定意義,即表示很少,或者說(shuō)少到幾乎沒(méi)有的程度(few與little的區(qū)別是,前者用于可數(shù)名詞,后者用于不可數(shù)名詞)。請(qǐng)看幾道高考題:
1. He has made a lot of films, but ______ are good ones. (北京卷)
A. any B. some C. few D. many
答案選C。此題的語(yǔ)境背景是:他拍過(guò)很多電影,但是_______是好的電影。比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng),顯然只有few最合適,它在此句中的意思是“幾乎沒(méi)有一部”。做對(duì)此題的關(guān)鍵是要注意到句中的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。
2. There's _____ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _____? (北京)
A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any
答案選A。因?yàn)樵赪ould you...? 等表示請(qǐng)求、勸請(qǐng)或建議之類(lèi)的問(wèn)句中,一般用some;再根據(jù)后文“買(mǎi)些油”這個(gè)語(yǔ)境可知,家里“沒(méi)有油”了,所以用little。句意是:家里沒(méi)有油了,請(qǐng)你到附近的店子里買(mǎi)些回來(lái)好嗎?
二、巧用語(yǔ)境法搞定復(fù)合不定代詞
英語(yǔ)的復(fù)合不定代詞主要包括由some與-thing, -one, -body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。盡管高考英語(yǔ)對(duì)不定式的考查可能涉及方方面面,但綜觀近幾年的高考英語(yǔ)試題,其中最可能的考點(diǎn)仍是從語(yǔ)境角度考查復(fù)合不定代詞的用法。如:
1. The book is of great value. ______ can be enjoyed unless you digest it. (福建卷)
A. Nothing B. Something C. Everything D. Anything
答案選A。根據(jù)句中的unless you digest it(如果你不好好消化)可知,空格處應(yīng)填nothing,這樣句意才通順。
2. Jim sold most of his things. He has hardly ______ left in the house. (重慶卷)
A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something
答案選A。此題的語(yǔ)境為:吉姆把大部分東西都賣(mài)了,他家里幾乎沒(méi)有________留下。既然大部分東西都賣(mài)了,那當(dāng)然就是沒(méi)有什么留下了,故要用anything。
3. We haven't enough books for _____; some of you will have to share. (全國(guó)卷I)
A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody
答案選C。根據(jù)后文“你們有些人要共用”可知,“沒(méi)有足夠多的書(shū)發(fā)給所有的人”,故選everybody。