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2. Creative people tend to be smart yet naive at the same time. Another way of expressing this dialectic is the contrasting poles of wisdom and childishness. As Howard Gardner reveals in his study of the major creative geniuses of the 20th century, a certain immaturity, both emotional and mental, can go hand in hand with deepest insights.
富有創意的人往往既精明又天真。換句話說，這個矛盾體就是智慧和幼稚這兩個極端。霍華德·加德納對二十世紀的重要創意天才進行了研究，結果表明，最深邃的洞察力可能與某種程度的不成熟（包括情感和思維方面的)共生共存。
Earlier studies on superior mental abilities show that children with very high IQs do well in life, but after a certain point, IQ does not seem to be correlated any longer with superior performance in real life. Later studies suggest that it might be difficult to do creative work with a lower IQ, but an IQ beyond 120 does not necessarily imply higher creativity.
以前對于卓越的思維能力的研究也表明，高智商兒童生活很成功，但過了一定的數值，智商似乎不再與卓越的現實生活表現成正比。后來的研究也說明，智商太低的人要做富有創意的工作可能比較困難，但擁有120以上的智商未必就更有創造力。
Furthermore, creative people seem able to use well two opposite ways of thinking: the convergent and the divergent. Convergent thinking is measured by IQ tests, and it involves solving well-defined, rational problems that have one correct answer. Divergent thinking leads to no agreed-upon solution. It involves the ability to generate a great quantity of ideas; flexibility, or the ability to switch from one perspective to another; and originality in picking unusual associations of ideas. Yet divergent thinking is not much use without the ability to tell a good idea from a bad one, and for this, we must rely on convergent thinking.
此外，富有創意的人似乎能很好地使用兩種互為對立的思維方式：趨同和求異。趨同思維由智商測試來衡量，涉及的是解決定義清楚、有唯一正確答案的理性問題。求異思維能產生另類的解決之道，它涉及的是產生大量想法的能力；靈活性，或者說是從一個角度轉換到另一個角度的能力；以及能獨辟蹊徑地產生非凡聯想的能力。但求異思維本身是沒有多大用處的，除非有能力判斷一個想法是好是壞，要做到這一點，我們必須依賴于趨同思維。
