This is not meant to be a critique of schools. Lord knows, that's easy enough to do. This is, instead, a reminder that there are real limits to the value of information. I bring this up because we seem to be at a point in the evolution of our society where everyone is clamoring for more technology, for instant access to ever-growing bodies of information.
這樣說,并不是想對學校評頭品足。天知道,發一通議論太容易了。這樣說,不過是想提醒大家信息的價值實在是有限的。我提出這一點,是因為我們的社會似乎發展到了這樣一個階段,人人都大聲要求得到更多的技術,大聲要求即刻享用不斷增多的信息。
Students must be online. Your home must be digitally connected to the World Wide Web. Businesses must be able to download volumes of data instantaneously. But unless we shift our paradigms and refocus our parameters, the super information highway will lead us nowhere.
學生們必須聯機。你們家必須用數碼與環球信息網連通。企業必須能即時下載大量資料。但是,除非我們改變范式、重新看待相關的各種因素,否則,信息高速公路就不會給我們帶來什么結果。
We are not now, nor have we recently been suffering from a lack of information. Think how much more information we have than Copernicus had four centuries ago. And he didn't do anything less Earth-shattering (pun intended) than completely change the way the universe was viewed. He didn't do it by uncovering more information-he did it by looking differently at information everyone else already had looked at. Edward Jenner didn't invent preventive medicine by accumulating information; he did it by reframing the question.
無論是現在還是最近,我們都不缺信息。試想我們擁有的信息比四百年前的哥白尼多了多少。但他作出了足以震撼地球的(權作雙關語)驚人之舉,完全改變了人們對宇宙的看法。他作出此舉不是靠發現更多的信息,而是靠用不同的眼光來看大家都看到過的信息。愛德華·詹納不是靠積累信息發明預防藥物,而是靠重新表述問題。
What we need as we begin to downshift onto the information highway is not more information but new ways of looking at it. We need to discover, as my kids did, that there is more than one right answer, there is more than one right question and there is more than one way to look at a body of information. We need to remember that when you have only a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail.
當我們開始駛入信息高速公路時,我們所需要的不是更多的信息,而是看信息的新方法。我們應該像我的孩子所做的那樣,去發現有一個以上的正確答案、有一個以上正確的問題、有一個以上看一堆信息的方法。我們應該記住:當你只有一把錘子時,你往往把每個問題都看作釘子。