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Antibiotics
Three centuries ago, many children died very young because of different diseases. Now with antibiotics, a lot of these diseases can be cured easily. However, we need to be careful about how we use antibiotics because if we do not use them correctly, they can cause serious health problems.
DNA
DNA is the building block of life and was discovered in 1869. Over many years, scientists have slowly learned more and more about DNA. In 1928, scientists discovered that DNA passed on certain characteristics from parents to children. In 1953, the famous structure of DNA was discovered. Now, scientists have a map of our DNA that tells them a great deal about what we get from our parents. If we learn more about DNA, we will be able to treat more diseases.
X-rays
Wilhelm Roentgen, a German scientist, was the first to study and name X-rays in 1895 and in 1901, he was awarded the first-ever Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery. X-rays go right through some things, like skin and wood, but are stopped by others, such as bones or metal. This means that they can be used to see broken bones in people or things inside suitcases. With X-ray machines doctors can treat broken bones much more easily.
