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Passage Two
短文二
Setting the office air-conditioning at about 22℃ has become standard practice across the world.
將辦公室的空調(diào)溫度設(shè)定在22攝氏度左右已經(jīng)成了世界各地的標準做法。
Numerous guidebooks across the world on heating, ventilation and air- conditioning claim office performance peaks at 22 degrees.
全球許多關(guān)于供暖、通風和空調(diào)的手冊都聲稱辦公室溫度為22 度時，（員工的）工作表現(xiàn)最佳。
Many people indeed find relief from soaring summer temperatures in air-conditioned offices.
許多人的確因為待在開空調(diào)的辦公室里而避開了夏日的高溫。
But recent studies have challenged the accepted wisdom that a cool office is more productive.
但新近研究對“涼快的辦公室使人工作效率更高”這一公認的看法提出了質(zhì)疑。
The reality is more complex.
現(xiàn)實情況更加復(fù)雜。
Researchers conducted a review of all studies relating to air- conditioning and productivity.
研究人員回顧了所有與空調(diào)和工作效率相關(guān)的研究。
They found that 22 degrees was probably a little chilly, even at the height of summer.
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使是在盛夏，22度很可能還是有點冷。
For a person dressed in typical summer clothing, an optimal range would be between 23 and 26 degrees.
對于一個穿著典型夏裝的人來說，空調(diào)的最佳溫度范圍應(yīng)該為23度~26度。
And people can even tolerate temperatures beyond this comfort zone as long as they can adjust their clothing and expectations.
而且只要能夠增減衣物、調(diào)整心理預(yù)期，人們甚至可以忍受超出這一舒適區(qū)間的溫度。
In fact, even on very hot days, it makes sense to turn the air-conditioning up.
確切地說，即使是在非常炎熱的日子里，把空調(diào)溫度調(diào)高也是合乎情理的。
People often chase just one optimum temperature, and this is understandable when people feel hot.
人們往往追求一個最佳溫度，當人們覺得很熱的時候，這是可以理解的。
But there is a range of at least three to four degrees which does not have any adverse impact.
不過，溫度至少在三到四度的范圍內(nèi)波動不會產(chǎn)生任何不利影響。
Another issue related to this is that people can become psychologically dependent on air conditioning.
與此相關(guān)的另一個問題是，人們可能對空調(diào)產(chǎn)生心理依賴。
If they re used to the environment which is air-conditioned, they tend to prefer lower temperatures.
人們?nèi)绻晳T了空調(diào)環(huán)境，就會傾向于喜歡較低的溫度。
But the studies found that almost all humans became accustomed to the new temperature.
但研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎所有人都習慣了新的溫度。
It was only at the extreme ends of the temperature range where people's productivity suffered.
只有在（適宜）溫度范圍的兩極，人們的工作效率才會受到影響。
This range was above 26 degrees and below 19 degrees.
（產(chǎn)生影響的）這一溫度范圍為26度以上和19度以下。
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
請根據(jù)你剛聽到的文章回答12到15題。
Question 12: What is the accepted wisdom concerning the office environment?
問題12:關(guān)于辦公室環(huán)境，公認的智慧是什么?
Question 13: What did researchers find from their review of all studies relating to air-conditioning and productivity?
問題13:研究人員在回顧了所有關(guān)于空調(diào)和工作效率的研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么?
Question 14: What do we learn about using a little less air-conditioning during hot weather?
問題14:關(guān)于在炎熱的天氣里少使用空調(diào)，我們了解到了什么?
Question 15: What happens when people are used to an air- conditioned environment ?
問題15:當人們習慣了有空調(diào)的環(huán)境會發(fā)生什么?
