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Recording Three
錄音三
Shortly after he took over the Reader's Digest Association in 1984,
1984年喬治·格魯恩接管讀者文摘集團后不久，
George Grune unlocked the company's boardroom and announced that the room was now open to the employees.
打開了公司董事會會議室的門，向全體員工開放了董事會房間。
It was a symbolic act, indicating that under Grune's leadership, Reader's Digest was going to be different.
這是一個標志性的舉動，表明在格魯恩的領導下，《讀者文摘》將會有所不同。
True to his word, Grune has shaken up the culture here.
正如格魯恩自己所說的那樣，他顛覆了該公司原有的企業文化。
To get an idea of the culture we're talking about, consider the boardroom Grune opened up.
要了解文化，不妨想想格魯恩會議室開放的情況。
It has artworks that any museum in the world would want to collect, paintings by many world-famous artists like Monet and Picasso.
這里有世界上任何一家博物館都想收藏的藝術品，比如世界著名藝術家莫奈和畢加索的許多作品。
Its headquarters houses some 3,000 works of art.
總部大約有3000件藝術品。
The main building is topped with a Georgian Tower with four sculptures of the mythical winged horse, the magazine's corporate logo.
主建筑頂部是喬治塔，上面有四尊神話中的飛馬雕塑——該企業集團的標識。
It sits on 127 acres of well-trimmed lawns.
該建筑坐落在127英畝修剪整齊的草坪上。
The editor's office used to be occupied by founder Dewitt Wallace,
編輯辦公室曾經被創始人德惠特·華萊士占用，
who, along with his wife, Lila Acheson Wallace, launched Reader's Digest in 1922 with condensed articles from other publications.
1922年，德惠特·華萊士和妻子萊拉·艾奇遜·華萊士創辦了《讀者文摘》，收錄了其他出版物的精華文章。
It has become the world's most widely read magazine, selling 28 million copies each month in 17 languages and 41 different editions.
《讀者文摘》已成為世界上最受歡迎的雜志，每月出售2800萬份，包含17種語言和41個不同版本。
The Wallaces, both children of church ministers, had a clearly defined formula for their "little magazine" as Reader's Digest was originally subtitled.
華萊士二人都出生于牧師家庭，最初雜志叫“little magazine”，“讀者文摘”是副標題，他們對文章有一個明確的要求——
Articles were to be short, readable and uplifting. Subjects were picked to inspire or entertain.
簡短易讀，但要有激勵人心或是讓人愉悅的效果，
The Wallaces didn't accept advertising in the US edition until 1955 and even then they didn't allow any ads for cigarettes, liquor or drugs.
直到1955年，華萊士夫婦才接受了美國版的廣告，而且他們不允許任何香煙、烈酒或毒品的廣告。
The Wallaces also had a clear sense of the kind of workplace they wanted.
華萊士夫婦知道他們想要什么
It started as a mom-and-pop operation, and the childless Wallaces always considered employees to be part of their family.
這家雜志最初采用家庭經營的運作方式，華萊士夫婦沒有子女，他們把員工當成家庭成員來對待。
Employees still tell stories of how the Wallaces would take care of their employees who had met with misfortunes and they showered their employees with unusual benefits,
員工們還講述華萊士夫婦如何照顧不幸員工的故事，他們還向員工提供了非同一般的福利，
like a turkey at Thanksgiving and Fridays off in May. This cozy workplace no longer exists here.
就像感恩節的火雞，5月的周五休息。這些舒適的工作場所已經不復存在了。
The Wallaces both died in their nineties in the early 1980s.
二十世紀八十年代，夫婦二人去世。
George Grune, a former ad salesman who joined Reader's Digest in 1960 has his eye focused on the bottom line.
喬治·格魯恩接手公司，他曾是一名廣告推銷員，1960年加入《讀者文摘》。
In a few short years, he turned the magazine on his head.
在短短的幾年里，雜志改頭換面。
He laid off several hundred workers.
他解雇了幾百名員工。
Especially hard hit were the blue- and pink-collar departments, such as subscription fulfillment.
首當其沖的是藍領和粉領部門，比如訂閱部門。
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
根據你剛才聽到的錄音回答22-25題。
22. What did George Grune do in 1984?
問題22：喬治·格魯恩在1984年做了什么?
23. How did the Wallaces define the formula for Reader's Digest?
問題23：夫婦是如何定位《讀者文摘》的?
24. What do we learn about the founder of Reader's Digest Dewitt Wallace?
問題24：關于《讀者文摘》的創始人德惠特·華萊士，我們了解到了什么?
25. What change took place in Reader's Digest after the Wallaces' death?
問題25：華萊士死后，讀者文摘發生了什么變化?
