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Lesson 12
第12課
assurance
n. 信心；保證；（人壽）保險
Let me give you my assurance that the work will be finished by the agreed date.
我向你保證，這項工作一定能在商定的日期內完成。
alternate
a. 交替的；間隔的 v. （使）輪流
The fashionable style designed by the famous designer has some alternate stripes of blue and white which made the fashion quite special.
由這位著名服裝設計師設計的新潮時裝上有藍白相間的條紋，這正是其與眾不同之處。
veto
vt./n. 否決
The President exercised his veto against the Congressional bill.
總統對國會的法案行使了否決權。
vulgar
a. 粗野的；粗俗的
Putting food into one's mouth with a knife is considered a vulgar act in England.
按英國規矩，用餐刀將食物送入口中算是失儀。
coincide
vi. 同時發生；相符；重疊
We can say that one is lucky if his vocation coincides with his avocation.
如果一個人的職業剛好與他的愛好一致，那么我們就可以說他是非常幸運的。
comply
vi. （with）遵從，依從，服從
All the citizens must comply with the law.
所有公民都必須遵守法律。
consolidate
v. 鞏固；（把…）聯為一體，合并
Several small businesses consolidated to form a large powerful company.
幾家小企業合并成了一家實力雄厚的大型公司。
destructive
a. 破壞的，毀滅的
Policies that are destructive to economic development should be abandoned.
有礙經濟發展的政策應該摒棄掉。
hatch
vt. 孵；籌劃 vi. （out）出殼 n. 艙門；開口；孵化
Don't count the chickens before they are hatched.
(諺)雞蛋還未孵，別忙數雞雛。（別操之過急。）
distract
vt. 使分心
The noise outside distracted me from my reading.
外面的嘈雜聲使我沒法專心讀書。
expenditure
n. 費用；花費
The municipal government will increase its anti-epidemic expenditure for the sake of public hygiene.
為了公共衛生，市政府將增加防疫經費。
flaw
n. 缺點，瑕疵
Vanity is the great flaw in the character of many women.
愛慕虛榮是很多女性性格中的重大缺陷。
ignite
vt. 點燃 vi. 著火
A lighted cigarette can ignite a big forest fire.
一根點燃的香煙就可以引起森林大火。
indignant
a. 憤怒的，憤慨的
All the Chinese people were indignant when learning that the Chinese embassy in Yugoslavia had been bombed by NATO.
當聽說中國駐南斯拉夫大使館被北約轟炸時，全中國人民都感到無比的憤慨。
dazzle
vt. 使眩目；使贊嘆不已 n. 耀眼的光；令人贊嘆的東西
I was dazzled by the car's headlights.
汽車前燈的燈光照得我睜不開眼睛。
obscure
a. 不重要的；費解的，模糊不清的 vt. 使模糊
One's success obscured his failures.
一個人的成功使他的失敗顯得微不足道。
instantaneous
a. 即刻的
I'm looking forward to an instantaneous reply to this letter.
本人翹首盼望對此信件的即刻答復。
participant
n. 參與者
Susan B. Anthony, the American champion of women's suffrage, was also a participant in the movement to end slavery.
蘇珊·B.安東尼是美國爭取婦女參政的倡導者，也是廢奴運動的參加者。
invalid
a. （指法律上）無效的；站不住腳的 n. 病弱者
Unless it is signed, a cheque is invalid.
支票除非簽了字，否則是無效的。
minimize
vt. 使減少到最低限度；極力貶低
One of the effective measures to minimize the dangers of driving is to teach people to obey all the traffic rules.
使發生車禍的幾率減到最低的有效措施之一就是教育人們遵守一切交通規則。
revive
vt. 使復蘇 vi. 恢復
Hot coffee revived me; I had been cold and tired.
熱咖啡使又冷又累的我恢復了精力。
propel
vt. 推動；激勵
Propelled by the pressure of the highly competitive society, most college students study harder than before.
受到高度競爭的社會壓力的推動，大多數大學生比以前學習更努力。
pretext
n. 借口，托詞
Don't always use a headache as a pretext for not going to school!
不要老以頭痛為借口不上學！
reassure
vt. 使放心
They apologized and reassured us that the matter would be dealt with immediately.
他們表示歉意，并向我們保證，問題會立即得到處理。
vulnerable
a. 易受傷的；易受攻擊的
Young people are vulnerable to the influences of radio and television.
年輕人容易受廣播和電視的影響。
tempt
vt. 吸引；誘惑
Nothing could tempt me to take such a step.
任何東西都不能誘使我采取這樣的行動。
subsidiary
a. 輔助的，次要的n. 子公司，附屬機構
Can I choose a computer programming course as a subsidiary subject?
我可以選擇計算機編程課為輔助科目嗎？
transition
n. 過渡，轉變
Women in menopausal disorders are subject to frequent transitions from high spirits to depression and anger.
有更年期綜合征的女人常常是喜怒無常。
vicinity
n. 周圍地區，臨近地區
The two restaurants in close vicinity compete violently.
兩家鄰近餐廳競爭非常激烈。
snatch
vt. 奪；一把抓??；抽空做 vi. （at）一把抓住 n. 片斷
The thief snatched my handbag and ran off.
小偷一把奪走我的手提包便逃之夭夭。
warrant
n. 授權令；（正當）理由 vt. 證明…是正當的
You had no warrant for doing that.
你那樣做毫無道理。
ambiguous
a. 模棱兩可的
Don't try to fool me and give me an ambiguous answer.
別用模棱兩可的答案來騙我。
authentic
a. 真正的；可靠的
compulsory
a. 強制性的，必修的
A nine year compulsory education is implemented in China.
中國實行九年制義務教育。
conspicuous
a. 顯眼的，明顯的
She's always conspicuous because of her bright clothes and queer hair style.
因為她衣著鮮艷，發型古怪，所以總是惹人注目。
expire
vt. 期滿；斷氣
My passport expires in a month.
我的護照再過一個月就到期了。
engagement
n. 訂婚；約會
The two lovers had an engagement to meet secretly after dark.
這兩個戀人約好在天黑以后秘密約會。
deteriorate
vi. 惡化，變壞
In many developing countries, the ecosystem has deteriorated for the sake of economic development.
許多發展中國家的生態環境因為經濟發展而日趨惡化。
decisive
a. 決定性的；堅定的
Waterloo was the decisive battle of the whole war.
滑鐵盧一役左右了整個戰局。
indignation
n. 憤怒，憤慨
The manager expressed his indignation at being unfairly dismissed by the president.
經理對他被總裁不公平解雇一事憤憤不平。
fluctuate
vi. 波動
The prices of vegetables and fruits fluctuate with the seasons.
蔬菜和水果的價格隨季節而波動。
integrity
n. 正直；完整
A qualified judge should be a person of complete integrity.
一位稱職的法官應該剛正不阿。
haul
vt. 拖，拉；拖運 n. 拖，拉，拖運；一次獲得的數量
When dusk came, the fishermen hauled the boat up onto the shore.
黃昏降臨，漁夫們用力把船拖上岸。
illuminate
vt. 照明，照亮；闡明，啟發
Tian'anmen Square really looks magnificent at night when it is illuminated.
在夜晚燈光的照耀下，天安門廣場看起來確實很壯觀。
diversion
n. 轉移；消遣；（修路時的）臨時繞行路
Some students marred their writings by a diversion into irrelevant material.
一些學生由于插入無關材料偏離主題而把作文寫糟了。
invaluable
a. 非常寶貴的，無價的
Good health, not wealth, is an invaluable blessing.
健康（不是財富）才是千金難買的福氣。
oppress
vt. 壓迫；使沉重
In feudalistic societies, the working people were oppressed by emperors.
在封建社會，勞動人民受到皇帝的壓迫。
misfortune
n. 不幸，逆境；不幸事故
Misfortunes never come alone.
(諺)禍不單行。
literal
a. 照字面的；逐字的
Literal translation sometimes doesn't work.
逐字直譯有時行不通。
literally
ad. 逐字地；確實地；簡直
prevalent
a. 流行的，普遍的
Smog is more prevalent in urban centers.
煙霧在市中心更為普遍。
tentative
a. 試探（性）的，試驗（性）的
Kissinger's first visit to China was a tentative one.
基辛格對中國的第一次訪問是試探性的。
ponder
v. 思索，考慮，沉思
Many people are pondering (upon) the meaning of life.
許多人都在苦苦思索生活的意義。
pastime
n. 消遣，娛樂
Playing cards is our favorite pastime when we travel by train.
打牌是我們乘火車旅行時最喜歡的娛樂消遣。
refute
vt. 駁斥，駁倒
The lawyer made good use of the favorable evidence to refute his counterpart's testimony.
律師充分利用有利證據駁倒了對手的證詞。
refund
n. 退款 vt. 退還（錢款）
She took the faulty radio back to the shop and demanded a refund.
她把有毛病的收音機退還給商店并要求退款。
scrutiny
n. 詳細檢查，仔細觀察
A famous figure's actions are subjected to minute scrutiny by the press.
名人的各種行為都會受到輿論界仔細的審視。
specification
n. (常pl.)規格；明確說明；說明書
The First Amendment to the American constitution is the specification that each citizen enjoys freedom of religion.
美國憲法的第一條修正案是關于公民享有宗教信仰自由的規定。
provocative
a. 挑釁的；挑逗的
The pretty model looks very provocative in a transparent miniskirt in the fashion show.
在時裝表演中，漂亮的模特兒穿著一條透明的迷你裙，看上去十分撩人。
afflict
vt. 折磨
A nightmare afflicts me from time to time.
噩夢不時折磨著我。
allocate
vt. 分配
Each of the refugees has been allocated accommodation.
每個難民都分配到了住處。
contempt
n. 輕視
addict
n. 有癮的人；入迷的人vt. 使成癮
He has been an ice hockey addict since boyhood.
他從小就是個冰上曲棍球迷。
subsidy
n. 補助金
Can I apply for the unemployment subsidy when I am out of a job?
失業了我可以申請失業補助金嗎？
virgin
n. 處女 a. 未經開發的；處女的
America is virgin territory as far as our company is concerned.
對我們公司來說，美國是一片尚未開發的處女地。
credible
a. 可靠的
Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?
除了核威懾力量，還有另一種可靠的威懾力量嗎？
cognitive
a. 認知的
Thinking in terms of dualisms is common in our cognitive culture.
二元論的思維方式在我們的認知文化中是很常見的。
ethic
n. 道德準則；(-s)倫理學
The modern ethic seems to be to get as much money as you can without worrying how you get it.
現代的倫理觀似乎是不擇手段賺錢。
defiance
n. 違抗，藐視
appease
vt. 平息，撫慰
The mother appeased the baby by nursing him.
媽媽給嬰兒喂奶使他不哭。
console
vt. 安慰n. 控制臺
Console yourself with the thought that it might have been worse!
事情本來可能會更糟，用這種想法自我安慰吧！
hostility
n. 敵意；抵制；(pl.)交戰
The local people showed their hostility to strangers by refusing to help them.
當地人對陌生人表現出敵意，不愿意幫助他們。
overload
vt. 超過負荷 n. 超載
It is said that our primary school students are overloaded with homework.
聽說我們的小學生作業負擔過重。
escalate
v. （使）逐步增長（或發展），（使）逐步升級
The conflict has escalated into violence.
沖突已激化為暴力行為。
pertinent
a. 有關系的，相關的
These remarks are not pertinent to the subject under discussion.
這些話與討論的主題無關。
lessen
v. 減少，減輕
He had to depend on pills to lessen his toothache.
他只能靠藥物來減輕牙痛。
nickname
n. 綽號，渾名 vt. 給…起綽號
They nicknamed him "Lofty" because he was so tall.
因他個子很高，他們給他起了個綽號叫"高個兒"。
wrench
vt. 猛擰；掙脫；使扭傷 n. （離別等的）痛苦；猛扭；扳手
He suffered the wrench of leaving his family in his early days.
他早年就經歷了離家的痛苦。（他經歷了少小離家的痛苦。）
fitting
n. (常pl.)家具；(常pl.)配件；試穿 a. 適合的，恰當的
Mr. Harley is going to accompany his wife for a fitting on Wednesday.
哈雷先生打算在星期三陪他太太去試衣。
huddle
vi. 聚集在一起；蜷縮 vt. 使聚集在一起 n. 一堆雜亂的東西
The track led them to a huddle of barns and outbuildings.
那條路把他們帶到了一片雜亂擁擠的谷倉和庫房。
