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Lesson 11
第11課
gloomy
a. 憂郁的；令人沮喪的；昏暗的
The gloomy damp weather and her gloomy face took away my appetite.
陰沉潮濕的天氣和她哭喪著的臉讓我食欲全無。
humanity
n. 人類，(總稱)人；人性；人道；(pl.)人文學(xué)科
Humanity is a mixture of good and bad qualities.
人性是善與惡的混合體。
eligible
a. 有恰當(dāng)資格的；合適的
Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.
超過18歲就有選舉資格。
evoke
vt. 喚起，引起，使人想起
The Grapes of Wrath is a novel that evokes the Depression in accurate detail.
《憤怒的葡萄》是一部以精確的細(xì)節(jié)再現(xiàn)大蕭條時期情景的小說。
incentive
n. 刺激，鼓勵
Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.
在許多職業(yè)中，錢仍是主要的激勵因素。
fake
n. 假貨；騙子 a. 假的 vt. 偽造；偽裝
Many evil merchants swindle the customers by imposing fake goods on them to make profits.
為了賺錢，許多無良商人用假冒偽劣商品坑害消費(fèi)者。
initiate
vt. 開始；使初步了解；接納 n. 新加入組織的人
China initiated her reforms in every field in 1978 based on Deng Xiaoping's conceptions.
中國從1978年開始根據(jù)鄧小平的構(gòu)想啟動各個領(lǐng)域的改革。
migrate
vi. 遷徙；移居
Some birds migrate to find warmer weather.
有些鳥遷徙以尋找更溫暖的氣候。
leaflet
n. 傳單 v. 散發(fā)傳單
Many salesmen stood by the roadside to hand out the leaflets for their products to passers-by.
很多促銷人員站在路邊向路人散發(fā)產(chǎn)品廣告?zhèn)鲉巍?/div>
prescription
n. 處方；開處方
I can never read doctors' prescriptions.
我從來看不懂醫(yī)生寫的處方。
intricate
a. 錯綜復(fù)雜的
Inside the machine is an intricate arrangement of wires.
機(jī)器里面是錯綜復(fù)雜地連接在一起的電線。
profitable
a. 有利可圖的，有益的
Investigations revealed that selling genuine goods at a fair price can be more profitable in the long run.
調(diào)查顯示，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，貨真價實(shí)的經(jīng)營能賺取更多的利潤。
notorious
a. 臭名昭著的
English soccer fans are notorious for their craziness and barbarism.
英國球迷因他們的瘋狂和野蠻而臭名昭著。
overlap
v. （與…）部分重疊 n. 重疊
Tiles on the roof overlap one another.
屋頂上的瓦片相互交搭在一起。
symposium
n. 討論會，專題報告會；專題論文集
A symposium is a meeting or conference for discussion of a topic, especially one in which the participants form an audience and make presentations.
研討會即討論某一論題的聚會或會議，尤指參與者既為聽眾、又做演講的聚會或會議。
perpetual
a. 永恒的；沒完沒了的
Nina's perpetual moaning nearly drove me mad.
尼娜沒完沒了的抱怨幾乎把我逼瘋了。
subjective
a. 主觀（上）的，個人的
His decision was completely subjective and did not take the wishes of the other members into consideration.
他的決定非常主觀，根本沒考慮其他成員的意愿。
shrewd
a. 敏銳的，精明的
However shrewd a businessman is, it is impossible that he has never lost money.
再精明的生意人也不可能從不虧錢。
recipe
n. 烹飪法，食譜；方法，秘訣
What's your recipe for a happy marriage?
你認(rèn)為幸福婚姻有什么秘方？
revelation
n. 被揭示的真相，（驚人的）新發(fā)現(xiàn)；揭示
The revelation that the world is round once surprised people.
揭示出地球是圓的事實(shí)曾使人們大為驚訝。
administer
vt. 掌管；實(shí)施；給予
In many Japanese homes, as in many Chinese ones, money is administered by the wife.
和許多中國家庭一樣，日本的很多家庭也是由妻子掌握財政大權(quán)的。
circulation
n. 循環(huán)，流通；流傳；發(fā)行量
The Internet, it seems, has increased the free circulation of ideas.
互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的出現(xiàn)似乎加速了思想的自由交流。
ascend
vi. 漸漸上升，升高 vt. 攀登，登上
The rocket ascended into the sky until it disappeared altogether.
火箭高高地飛向天空直至完全消失。
toss
vt. 拋；猛抬（頭）；拌；（up）擲（錢幣）；使搖動 vi. （up）擲錢幣來決定；翻來覆去 n. 擲錢幣來決定；猛抬頭
Let's toss (up)/toss a coin to decide who will pay the bill.
我們拋硬幣決定誰付賬吧。
verdict
n. 裁定；定論，判斷性意見
After a week the jury had still not reached a verdict.
一周過去了，陪審團(tuán)仍然沒能做出一致的裁決。
compensate
v. 補(bǔ)償
Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.
虛度的光陰是無法補(bǔ)償?shù)模ü怅幰蝗ゲ粡?fù)返）。
conscientious
a. 認(rèn)真的，勤勤懇懇的，盡責(zé)的
Be conscientious and make a good job of publishing.
要認(rèn)真做好出版工作。
culminate
vi. （in）（以…）告終
His hard work culminated in his admission into that famous college.
他經(jīng)過努力學(xué)習(xí)，終于被那所著名大學(xué)錄取。
dissipate
vi. 消散 vt. 使消散；揮霍
The wind finally dissipated the smoke.
風(fēng)最終驅(qū)散了煙霧。
embark
vi. 上船（或飛機(jī)等）；（on, upon）開始工作
The railways are about to embark on a major programme of modernization.
鐵路部門將要開始一項大型的現(xiàn)代化規(guī)劃。
grief
n. 悲傷；悲傷的事
Friendships multiply joys and divide grieves.
友誼增進(jìn)歡樂，分擔(dān)憂愁。
exemplify
vt. 是…的典型；舉例證明
The modern spirit of revolt was best exemplified by the work of Kafka and Freud.
卡夫卡和弗洛伊德的作品是現(xiàn)代反叛精神的最佳典型。
feeble
a. 虛弱的，無力的；無效的
One will feel feeble when he is ill.
人生病的時候會感到虛弱。
hurl
vt. 猛投，力擲；大聲叫罵
The naughty boy hurled a stone at my window and I hurled curses at him.
那個頑皮的小男孩向我的窗戶扔石子，我狠狠地對他大聲叫罵。
incidentally
ad. 順便提一句
Incidentally, your proposal will be open to the discussion at the meeting.
順便提一句，你的建議將在會議上進(jìn)行討論。
inspiration
n. 靈感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
Poets and artists often draw their inspiration from nature.
詩人與藝術(shù)家往往從自然界得到靈感。
intrinsic
a. 本質(zhì)的，內(nèi)在的
He admitted the intrinsic merits of my idea, but said it would need a lot of refinement.
他承認(rèn)我提的意見的內(nèi)在價值，但又說還需要做大量細(xì)致的改進(jìn)。
reconcile
vt. 使協(xié)調(diào)；使和解；（to）使順從（于）
The couple were finally reconciled when the husband apologized.
丈夫道歉后這對夫婦終于言歸于好。
nutrition
n. 營養(yǎng)
A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body.
均衡的飲食使你的身體獲得營養(yǎng)。
mingle
vt. 使混合vi. 混合起來；相交往
It was said that Emperor Kang Xi of the Qing Dynasty often left the palace and mingled unknown with common people.
據(jù)說清朝的康熙皇帝經(jīng)常離開皇宮與老百姓混在一起而不被人發(fā)覺。
profound
a. 深度的，深遠(yuǎn)的；知識淵博的；深奧的
The young man made a profound impression on me in the interview.
在面試中，那個年輕人給我留下了深刻的印象。
perplex
vt. 使困惑，使費(fèi)解
Modern men are often perplexed by what to do.
現(xiàn)代人常常感到非常困惑，不知如何是好。
liability
n. 責(zé)任；(pl.)負(fù)債；不利條件
The driver admitted his liability for the accident.
司機(jī)承認(rèn)自己對這起事故負(fù)有責(zé)任。
subordinate
a. 下級的；（to）次要的 n. 下級 vt. 使從屬于
The minority is subordinate to the majority.
少數(shù)服從多數(shù)。
overwhelming
a. 勢不可擋的；巨大的
I can hardly resist the overwhelming temptation.
我?guī)缀醪荒芸咕苋绱司薮蟮恼T惑。
preside
vi. （at, over）主持，主管
Whoever presides at the meeting will need patience and tact.
無論誰主持會議，都既要有耐性，又要機(jī)敏老練。
signify
vt. 表示…的意思，預(yù)示
A fever usually signifies that there is something wrong with the body.
發(fā)燒通常預(yù)示著身體有毛病。
revenge
n. 報復(fù) vt. 為…報仇
Hamlet revenged his father's death.
哈姆雷特為他死去的父親報了仇。
tragic
a. 悲慘的；悲劇（性）的
The most tragic of all was he didn't realize his illegal behavior.
最可悲的是，他竟然不知道自己的行為是違法的。
allege
vt. 斷言，宣稱
Saddam's bodyguard is alleged to have betrayed him.
據(jù)稱是薩達(dá)姆的保鏢出賣了他。
versatile
a. 多才多藝的；多功能的
Andy Lau is a versatile actor who has played a wide variety of parts.
劉德華是個多才多藝的演員，扮演過各種各樣的角色。
ascribe
vt. （to）把…歸因于；把…歸屬于
The government ascribed the fire to carelessness.
政府將火災(zāi)歸因于疏忽大意。
cling
vi. （to）緊緊抓住（或抱住）；黏著；依戀；堅持
The little boy clung to his mother's skirt in fear.
小男孩害怕得抓住母親的裙子。
complement
n. 補(bǔ)充；編制名額；補(bǔ)（足）語 vt. 補(bǔ)充
Love is the complement of the law.
愛的精神是法律的補(bǔ)充物。
tangle
v.（使）亂作一團(tuán) n. 混亂；復(fù)雜的問題（或形勢）
The power failure had traffic tangled in the city.
電力的中斷使城市內(nèi)的交通陷入混亂狀態(tài)。
conserve
vt. 保護(hù)，保存
We must conserve our forests if we are to make sure of a future supply of wood.
為保證未來木材的供應(yīng)，我們必須保護(hù)森林。
cumulative
a. 累積的，漸增的
The cumulative effects of many illnesses made grandpa a weak man.
多種疾病長期的折磨使祖父虛弱不堪。
destiny
n. 命運(yùn)；定數(shù)，天命
Do you believe marriage is the result of destiny?
你認(rèn)為婚姻是命中注定的嗎？
distort
vt. 曲解；使變形 vi. 變形
Stop distorting what I said.
不要曲解我的話。
hypothesis
n. 假說，前提
This is only a sort of scientific hypothesis which has not been proved by experiments.
這僅僅是一個尚未被實(shí)驗(yàn)證明的科學(xué)假說。
empirical
a. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的
Many empirical results supported the hypothesis.
很多經(jīng)驗(yàn)性結(jié)論都可證明該假設(shè)成立。
indefinite
a. 無限期的；含糊的
He gave me an indefinite answer.
他含糊其辭地回答了我。
expedition
n. 出行，遠(yuǎn)征；探險隊；迅速
Quite a few Chinese scientists have made several scientific expeditions to Antarctica.
已有很多中國科學(xué)家對南極進(jìn)行過好幾次科學(xué)考察。
hamper
vt. 妨礙 n. （有蓋的）大籃子
Many modernists think that rhyme and metre hamper the poet's free expression.
很多現(xiàn)代派詩人認(rèn)為韻律妨礙了詩人的自由發(fā)揮。
flap
n. 片狀垂懸物；飄動，（翅的）振動；慌亂狀態(tài) v. 拍動，飄動；振翅
Everything was going on smoothly; there was no flap.
一切都很順利，沒有出現(xiàn)慌亂現(xiàn)象。
obedient
a. 服從的，順從的
Do all parents like obedient and well-behaved children?
所有父母都喜歡順從和循規(guī)蹈矩的孩子嗎？
intuition
n. 直覺
Most women believe they have the sixth sense, and they like to depend on their intuition to judge.
大多數(shù)女人相信自己有第六感，她們喜歡憑直覺對事情做出判斷。
persistent
a. 堅持不懈的；持續(xù)的
The persistent suitor made persistent efforts and succeeded eventually.
這個百折不撓的求婚者經(jīng)過執(zhí)著的努力，終于如愿以償。
instal(l)ment
n. 分期付款；（分期連載的）部分
Many white-collar workers buy houses in installments.
許多白領(lǐng)人士用分期付款的方式買房子。
linear
a. 線的，直線的；長度的；線性的
The pupil made great efforts to work out the linear equation.
那個小學(xué)生費(fèi)了九牛二虎之力去解這個一次方程式。
prestige
n. 威信，威望
The old universities of Oxford and Cambridge still have a lot of prestige.
歷史悠久的牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)仍然享有很高的聲望。
skeptical
a. 表示懷疑的
Many Americans took skeptical attitude toward the rationality of American war on Iraq.
許多美國人對美國攻打伊拉克的合理性持懷疑態(tài)度。
paradox
n. 似乎矛盾而（可能）正確的說法；自相矛盾的人（或事物）
Your answer to the question is full of paradox.
你對這個問題的回答矛盾百出。
refrain
vi. （from）抑制，戒除 n. 疊句
They appealed to the protesters to refrain from violence.
他們呼吁抗議者們不要采取暴力行動。
miniature
a. 小型的 n. 微小的模型；微型畫
This is a detailed miniature of the Titanic.
這是泰坦尼克號郵輪的精細(xì)小模型。
prolong
vt. 延長，拉長，拖延
The Congress agreed to prolong the MFN (most-favored-nation) treatment to Vietnam by one year.
美國國會決定將對越南的最惠國待遇再延長一年。
subscribe
vi. （to）訂閱；同意 vt. 捐助
What newspapers have you subscribed for?
你訂閱了哪些報紙？
transaction
n. 交易，業(yè)務(wù)
All transactions, from banking to shopping, can be performed electronically.
所有的交易活動，從跑銀行到買東西，都可通過電腦來完成。
revision
n. 修訂，修正；修訂本；復(fù)習(xí)
To keep pace with times, the law is in need of frequent revision.
為了與時俱進(jìn)，法律需要不斷地修訂。
temperament
n. 性格
Whether a person likes a routine office job or not depends largely on his temperament.
一個人是否喜歡做一成不變的辦公室工作很大程度上取決于他的性格。
