評論
打印
Recording 2
錄音二
W: Earlier this year, British explorer Pen Huddle and his team trekked for three months across the frozen Arctic Ocean, taking measurements and recording observations about the ice.
女：今年年初，佩恩·赫德爾及其團隊在北冰洋上艱苦跋涉了3個月，他們對冰進行了測量和記錄。
M: Well we'd been led to believe that we would encounter a good proportion of this older, thicker, technically multi-year ice that's been around for a few years and just gets thicker and thicker.
男：我們誤以為我們能找到很大一部分經過多年凍結形成的更年長、更厚的冰層，這些冰已經存在很多年了，而且會越來越厚。
We actually found there wasn't any multi-year ice at all.
但事實上，我們發現這里根本沒有任何多年凍結的冰層。
W: Satellite observations and submarine surveys over the past few years had shown less ice in the polar region, but the recent measurements show the loss is more pronounced than previously thought.
女：在過去的幾年里，衛星觀測和海底勘測結果顯示極地冰越來越少，近期的測量結果顯示極地冰的減少比人們先前想象的更為明顯。
M: We're looking at roughly 80 percent loss of ice cover on the Arctic Ocean in 10 years, roughly 10 years, and 100 percent loss in nearly 20 years.
男：我們發現覆蓋在北冰洋的冰在大約10年后會減少將近80%，并且20年后冰將全部融化。
W: Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams, who's been measuring and monitoring the Arctic since 1971 says the decline is irreversible.
女：劍橋科學家彼得·沃德姆斯一直在測量和監控北極區域的冰，他認為北極冰的減少是不可逆轉的。
M: The more you lose, the more open water is created, the more warming goes on in that open water during the summer,
男：北極冰減少的越多，無冰水面就會越多，從而無冰水面的氣溫在夏天會持續升高。
the less ice forms in winter, the more melt there is the following summer.
冬天結的冰也就會減少，來年夏天融化的冰也會增多。
It becomes a breakdown process where everything ends up accelerating until it's all gone.
這就形成了冰的融化過程，所有的步驟都加速了，直到所有的冰都融化。
W: Martin Sommerkorn runs the Arctic program for the environmental charity the World Wildlife Fund.
女：馬丁·索摩空負責環保慈善機構世界自然基金會的北極項目。
M: The Arctic sea ice holds a central position in the Earth's climate system and it's deteriorating faster than expected.
北極冰占據地球氣候系統的中心位置，并且北極冰惡化的速度比預期的更快。
Actually it has to translate into more urgency to deal with the climate change problem and reduce emissions.
這也就是說我們必須采取緊急措施來應對氣候變化并減少溫室氣體的排放量。
W: Summerkorn says a plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions blamed for global warming needs to come out of the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December.
女：索摩空稱減少溫室氣體排放量的計劃需要在12月份的哥本哈根氣候變化峰會中制定出來。
M: We have to basically achieve there the commitment to deal with the problem now. That's the minimum.
男：現在，我們起碼要就解決這一問題達成一致承諾。這是最基本的。
We have to do that equitably and we have to find a commitment that is quick.
我們必須公平地去處理問題并采取快速的行動。
W: Wadhams echoes the need for urgency.
沃德姆斯重申了采取緊急措施的重要性。
M: The carbon that we've put into the atmosphere keeps having a warming effect for 100 years.
男：我們排放到大氣中的二氧化碳所產生的溫室效應將持續100年。
So we have to cut back rapidly now, because it will take a long time to work its way through into a response by the atmosphere.
所以，我們現在必須快速地減少二氧化碳的排放量，因為該措施需要很長時間才能降低空氣中的二氧化碳含量。
We can't switch off global warming just by being good in the future, we have to start being good now.
我們僅通過以后的良好措施是不能阻止全球變暖的，我們必須現在就采取行動。
W: Wadhams says there is no easy technological fix to climate change. He and other scientists say there are basically two options to replacing fossil fuels,
女：沃德姆斯稱目前沒有簡單的技術手段能解決氣候變化問題。他和其他科學家說目前主要有兩種能源來替代化石燃料，
generating energy with renewables, or embracing nuclear power.
再生能源或者核能。
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
問題19-22是基于剛剛你所聽到的那段錄音。
Question19. What did Pen Huddle and his team do in the Arctic Ocean?
問題19：佩恩·赫德爾和他的團隊在北冰洋做了什么？
Question20. What does the report say about the Arctic region?
問題20：這份報告報道了有關北極地區的什么？
Question21. What does Cambridge scientist Peter Wadhams say in his study?
問題21：劍橋科學家彼得·沃德姆斯在他的研究中說了什么？
Question22. How does Peter Wadhams view climate change?
問題22：彼得·沃德姆斯如何看待氣候變化問題？
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