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Lesson 4
第四課
overtake
vt. 超過；突然降臨于
After only two years in the American market, our US sales have now overtaken our sales in Europe.
進入美國市場僅兩年后，我們的美國市場銷量已經(jīng)超過了我們在歐洲的銷量。
panic
n. 驚慌 v.（使）恐慌
SARS or atypical pneumonia once caused a great panic among people.
非典型性肺炎曾引起人們極大的恐慌。
quit
v. 停止，放棄；離開
It’s not easy to quit smoking and drinking.
戒煙戒酒并非易事。
rid
vt.（of）使擺脫，從…中清除
Some multi-national companies will lay off redundant staff in order to rid themselves of (=to be/get rid of) their financial worries.
一些跨國公司會通過裁減冗員來擺脫財政困難。
shave
vt. 剃，刮 vi./n. 刮臉
leap
vi. 跳，躍；急速行動 vt. 躍過 n. 跳躍；激增
Look before you leap.
（諺）三思而后行。
melt
v.（使）融化；（使）消散
Don’t skate on the lake. The ice is melting.
別到湖上去溜冰，湖面的冰正在融化。
mislead
vt. 使誤解；把…帶錯路；把…帶壞
Juveniles lacking social experience are likely to be misled by strange people’s appearance.
缺乏社會經(jīng)驗的青少年容易被陌生人的外表所迷惑。
misunderstand
vt. 誤解
overcome
vt. 克服；壓倒
The Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team overcame a lot of difficulty to win the match.
中國女排克服重重困難，贏得了這場比賽的勝利。
dive
n./vi. 潛水；俯沖
He who would search for pearls must dive below.
欲尋珍珠就要潛到水里。（不入虎穴，焉得虎子。）
flee
vi. 逃走 vt. 避開
Japanese people are used to quickly fleeing from buildings in an event of an earthquake.
日本人已經(jīng)習(xí)慣在地震發(fā)生時迅速逃離建筑物。
fling
vt. 扔；使投身 n. 盡情歡樂的一陣
After the divorce he flung himself into his work to forget her.
離婚后他一心撲在工作上以忘記她。
forbid
vt. 禁止
Madonna forbids her children (to watch/watching) TV because she thinks TV programs will corrupt their souls.
麥當(dāng)娜不許她的孩子看電視，因為她認(rèn)為電視節(jié)目會腐蝕他們的心靈。
forecast
n./vt. 預(yù)測
Environmentalists forecast that we will destroy our planet if we go on polluting it as we are today.
環(huán)境學(xué)家預(yù)測，如果繼續(xù)像現(xiàn)在一樣污染環(huán)境，我們就會毀掉我們的星球。
grind
vt. 磨碎；（down）折磨 vi. 摩擦得吱吱作響 n. 苦差事
Some cafes grind fresh coffee beans to make coffee in a traditional way, but of course they sell it at a higher price.
一些咖啡館以傳統(tǒng)的方法用新鮮的咖啡豆磨成粉來煮咖啡，但售價當(dāng)然要高些。
heave
v. 舉起；發(fā)出；起伏；嘔吐 n. 舉起
The sailors all heaved on the rope in the storm.
暴風(fēng)雨中，水手們都用力拽住纜繩。
kneel
vi. 跪
knit
vt. 編結(jié)；使緊湊；皺緊 vi. 編結(jié)；（折骨）愈合
lean
v. 傾斜；靠 a. 瘦的；貧乏的
Romeo leaned the ladder against the house and climbed up to the window.
羅密歐把梯子靠在房前，爬上窗口。
blend
v. （使）混和 n. 混合物；混和
I like a blend of coffee and tea. /I like to blend coffee and tea.
我喜歡把咖啡和茶混合起來喝。
breed
n. 品種 vi. 繁殖 vt. 繁殖；養(yǎng)育；釀成
Rural life produces a strong and tough breed of people.
農(nóng)村生活造就了一群身體強壯且性格堅韌的人。
cast
vt. 投射；投；丟棄；蛻（皮）；澆鑄 n. 演員表；石膏繃帶
The tree casts its shadow on the window.
樹在窗戶上投下影子。
cling
vi.（to）緊緊抓住（或抱住）；黏著；依戀；堅持
The little boy clung to his mother’s skirt in fear.
小男孩害怕得抓住母親的裙子。
creep
vi. 爬行；躡手躡足地走
Children learn to creep before they can go.
小孩學(xué)走路，先得學(xué)爬行。
arise
vi. 出現(xiàn)；（from）引起；起身
Accidents usually arise from carelessness.
事故的發(fā)生往往由疏忽大意而引起。
bet
v. 打賭；確信 n. 打賭；賭金
I bet him ten dollars that Kerry would win the presidential election, but I lost.
我押10美元與他賭克里會贏得總統(tǒng)大選，可是我輸了。
bid
n. 企圖；投標(biāo) vi. 投標(biāo) vt. 出（價）；祝；命令
The company submitted a bid for the contract to clean the hospital.
該公司投標(biāo)承包這所醫(yī)院的清潔工作。
bind
vt. 捆綁；使結(jié)合；約束；裝訂
The hostage was bound hand and foot.
人質(zhì)的手腳都被捆住了。
bleed
vi. 流血 vt. 勒索…的錢
Teddy lay on the ground, bleeding profusely.
特迪躺在地上，鮮血直流。
shed
vt. 脫落；流出；發(fā)出；擺脫 n. 棚屋
To shed crocodile tears means to cry when someone is not really sad or sorry.
“流鱷魚淚”意思是某人在哭泣時并不真的感到悲傷難過（即假慈悲）。
shrink
vi. 收縮；退縮 vt. 使收縮
This detergent won’t shrink wool.
這種洗潔液不會使毛料收縮。
slide
v.（使）滑動；（使）悄悄地移動 n. 滑動；滑道；幻燈片
The euro continues to slide.
歐元繼續(xù)下跌。
sow
vt. 播（種）
Whatever a man sows, that he will also reap.
栽種什么，就收獲什么。（種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。）
spill
v.（使）溢出，（使）灑落 n. 溢出
It’s no use crying over spilt milk!
牛奶灑了，哭也沒用！（比喻：為已經(jīng)發(fā)生而無法補救的事懊悔是沒用的。）
thrive
vi. 興旺，繁榮
A business cannot thrive without investment or good management.
要是缺少投資或者管理不善，企業(yè)就不會興旺。
thrust
vt. 擠；刺 vi.（at）戳 n. 刺；要點；推力
undergo
vt. 經(jīng)歷，遭受
Mother’s weather-beaten face shows the great hardship that she had undergone in both her childhood and youth.
母親飽經(jīng)風(fēng)霜的臉上寫著她在童年和青年時代所遭受的巨大艱難和困苦。
undertake
vt. 承擔(dān)；同意，保證
Who should undertake the responsibility for white pollution? The producer or the consumer?
誰該為白色污染負(fù)責(zé)？是生產(chǎn)者還是消費者？
undo
vt. 解開；取消
It’s not too late to try and undo some of the damage.
想辦法補救部分損失還為時不晚。
stride
vi. 大踏步走 n. 大步；步法；（常pl.）進展
The policemen strode along the road.
警察沿路大踏步行走。
string
n. 弦，線，細(xì)繩；一串 vt. 用線串；懸掛
I have broken a string in my tennis racket.
我把網(wǎng)球拍上的一根繃?yán)K給弄斷了。
swear
v. 詛咒，咒罵；宣誓，發(fā)誓
In Christian countries, witnesses in court have to swear on the Bible before giving evidences.
在基督教國家，證人在法庭上作證前必須手按《圣經(jīng)》發(fā)誓。
swell
vi. 腫脹，膨脹；增強 n. 波浪起伏；鼓起；增強
The boat rose and fell to ocean swells.
船隨著海浪起伏。
swing
v.（使）搖擺；（使）旋轉(zhuǎn)；（使）突然轉(zhuǎn)向 n. 搖擺；秋千
A large pendulum swung back and forth inside the grandfather clock.
在老式落地座鐘里面有一個大鐘擺在擺來擺去。
spin
vi. 旋轉(zhuǎn)；暈眩；織（網(wǎng)）vt. 使旋轉(zhuǎn)；絞干 n. 旋轉(zhuǎn)
Let’s spin a coin to decide who’ll have the first turn.
讓我們拋轉(zhuǎn)硬幣（猜正反面）來決定誰先開始。
spit
vi. 吐唾沫（或痰）vt. 吐出 n. 唾液
split
v. 分裂；撕裂；分擔(dān) n. 裂口
He split his pants at the seams when he bent over.
他彎下身去時，把褲子接縫處繃裂了。
spoil
vt. 損壞；寵壞 vi. 變質(zhì) n. （pl.）戰(zhàn)利品，贓物
Some parents spoil their children by giving them too much money.
一些父母給孩子太多的錢，就這樣把孩子給寵壞了。
sting
vi. 刺，蜇；感到劇痛 vt. 刺，蜇；刺痛；激怒 n. 蜇刺；刺（痛），劇痛
If you hurt the bee, it will sting you.
如果你傷害蜜蜂，它就會蜇你。
upset
vt. 使心煩意亂；打亂；弄翻 n. 不適 a. 心煩的
James was upset because he had had his wallet stolen.
詹姆斯很煩躁，因為他的錢包被偷了。
weave
v. 織，編
Most spiders weave webs that are almost invisible.
大多數(shù)蜘蛛結(jié)成的網(wǎng)幾乎是看不見的。
weep
v. 哭泣；滲出
When the national flag was rising, the athletes wept for joy.
當(dāng)國旗升起時，運動員們喜極而泣。
withdraw
vt. 提取，收回；撤銷；撤退 vi. 撤退
It’s more convenient to withdraw money from an ATM than from the bank.
在自動柜員機取錢比到銀行取要方便。
withstand
vt. 承受
Shakespeare’s works undoubtedly withstands the test of time.
莎士比亞的作品無疑經(jīng)受住了時間的考驗。
analysis
n. 分析
Recent analysis showed that more and more people prefer to purchase an apartment rather than rent one.
最近的分析報告顯示，越來越多人愿意購房，而不愿意租房。
appendix
n. 闌尾；附錄
For further information, please refer to the appendices at the end of the book.
如果想進一步了解，請參閱書后的附錄。
bacteria
n. 細(xì)菌
basis
n. 基礎(chǔ)
A good scenario is the basis of a successful movie.
一個好劇本是一部電影成功的基礎(chǔ)。
counsel
n. 律師；勸告 vt. 提議
The court heard the counsel for both sides.
法庭聽取了雙方律師的陳述。
craft
n. 工藝；船，航空器
Making jewels requires great craft.
制作珠寶需要高超的工藝。
crisis
n. 危機；決定性時刻
The Indian Prime Minister said the 1997 Southeast Asian financial crisis showed that volatile capital flows could threaten even vibrant economies.
印度總理說，1997年的東南亞金融危機表明，資金流動不穩(wěn)甚至對經(jīng)濟活躍的國家都會造成威脅。
curriculum
n. 課程，全部課程
English is on every university’s curriculum.
每所大學(xué)都開設(shè)英語課。
emphasis
n. 強調(diào)，重點
I think we should put as much emphasis on preventing AIDS as we do on curing it.
我想我們應(yīng)當(dāng)把預(yù)防艾滋病放到和治療艾滋病同等重要的地位。
formula
n. 原則；公式；配方
index
n. 索引；標(biāo)志；指數(shù) vt. 為…編索引
All the books in the library are indexed in the computer.
圖書館里所有的書都編入電腦索引目錄中了。
means
n. 方法；金錢
People resolve conflicts between different countries primarily by means of peace talks, but sometimes it is necessary to resort to force.
人們主要通過和平談判的手段來解決國與國之間的矛盾，但有時候也有必要訴諸武力。
media
n. 新聞媒介
The media is/are sometimes criticized for spreading rumors.
新聞媒體有時被批評散布謠言。
nucleus
n.（原子）核；核心
phenomenon
n. 現(xiàn)象；非凡的人
Lightning and thunder are natural phenomena.
閃電打雷是自然現(xiàn)象。
politics
n. 政治，政治學(xué)；政綱
Abraham Lincoln was active in politics and strongly against slavery.
亞伯拉罕?林肯積極從事政治活動，強烈反對奴隸制度。
series
n. 一系列；叢書，連續(xù)劇
There’s been a whole series of accidents on this stretch of road recently.
近來在這一路段發(fā)生了一連串事故。
species
n. 種，類
The Origin of Species was one of the most important books published during the 19th century.
《物種起源》是19世紀(jì)出版的最重要的著作之一。
stadium
n. 運動場，體育場
A new stadium for the 2008 Olympic Games has been built in Beijing.
北京已為2008年奧林匹克運動會建造了一座新的體育場。
statistic
n. 統(tǒng)計數(shù)值，統(tǒng)計資料；（-s）統(tǒng)計學(xué)
Statistics show that there are more males than females in our country.
統(tǒng)計數(shù)字表明我國男性比女性人數(shù)多。
alike
a. 同樣的 ad. 相似地
Great minds think alike!
英雄所見略同！
unique
a. 唯一的，獨特的；極不尋常的
Each person’s fingerprints are unique.
每個人的指紋都是獨一無二的。
inferior
a. 劣等的；下級的 n. 下級
No inferior products should be allowed to pass.
決不允許放過任何次品。
junior
a. 年少的；資歷較淺的 n. 年少者；晚輩；三年級學(xué)生
It often happens that the work is done by juniors on the staff, but the head takes all the credit.
工作是下級員工完成的，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)卻占據(jù)了所有的功勞，這種事經(jīng)常發(fā)生。
superior
a. 上級的，較高的；（to）較好的；優(yōu)良的；有優(yōu)越感的 n. 上級
In the Indian caste system, marrying someone from a superior caste is not allowed.
在印度的種姓制度中，同來自高一級種姓的人通婚是不允許的。
