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Lesson 7
第七課
reverse
vt. 撤銷；使位置顛倒；使反向 vi. 倒轉 n. 相反情況；反面；挫折 a. 相反的
Writing is reversed in a mirror.
寫出來的字在鏡子里是反的。
promote
vt. 促進；提拔；推銷
We look down upon those who are promoted by virtue of flattering their superiors.
我們看不起那些靠奉承上級而被提升的人。
accuse
vt. 指控，指責
The police accused him of murder, but he said that he was innocent.
警方指控他犯了謀殺罪，但他說自己是無辜的。
view
n. 看法；觀察；景色 vt. 看待；觀察
What are your views on globalization? /How do you view globalization?
你對全球化有何高見？
gap
n. 缺口；差距；不足
By generation gap we mean that young people and old people have misunderstandings of each other and that both generations have different or even clashing values.
我們所說的代溝是指年輕人和老年人相互之間的誤解及兩代人各自所持的不同的甚至是互相沖突的價值觀。
rate
n. 速度；比率；價格 vt. 評估；給…定級；值得 vi. 被評價
The rising divorce rate and the fall in birth rate reflect a change of social values in Europe.
離婚率的上升和人口出生率的下降反映了歐洲社會價值觀的變化。
interval
n. 間隔；幕間休息
The train leaves this station at intervals of 5 minutes/at 15-minute intervals.
這個火車站每隔15分鐘發一趟車。
equivalent
a. 相等的 n. 等價物
Your behavior is equivalent to cheating.
你的行為相當于欺騙。
tedious
a. 乏味的
Doing all these calculations without a computer would be extremely tedious.
沒有計算機幫助，做所有這些計算會極其單調乏味。
harsh
a. 嚴厲的；刺耳的
"All hard rock music is harsh to the ear and all rock singers are harsh to the eye!" said Grandpa in a harsh voice.
爺爺用刺耳的聲音說："所有硬搖滾音樂都是刺耳的噪音！所有搖滾歌手都是些刺眼的家伙！"
arouse
vt. 激起；喚醒
Actually, in a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of the object that arouses the bull.
事實上，在斗牛中，刺激公牛的是物體的運動，而不是顏色。
wreck
vt. 破壞；造成…失事 n. 殘骸；精神或身體已垮的人
The large ocean liner, Titanic,was wrecked by its collision with an iceberg on its virgin journey from Southampton to New York.
泰坦尼克號遠洋巨輪在它從南安普敦到紐約的首次航行中因撞上冰山而失事。
undermine
vt. 暗中破壞，逐漸削弱；侵蝕…的基礎
Unfair criticism can undermine employees' self-confidence.
不公正的批評會削弱雇員的自信心。
rip
v. 扯破 n. 裂口，裂縫
The jeans look fashionable with a rip in the left knee.
這牛仔褲左膝有一條裂縫看上去很時髦。
temper
n. 脾氣；韌度 vt. 調和；使回火
Losing your temper often will add lines to your face.
經常發脾氣會讓你的臉增添皺紋的。
passion
n. 激情；酷愛
Celine Dion's singing is always filled with passion, and her song My Heart Will Go On is a good example.
席琳?迪翁的演唱總是充滿激情，她那首《我心永恒》就是典型的例子。
pollute
vt. 污染；腐蝕
Money has polluted the democratic spirit of American politics.
金錢腐蝕了美國政治中的民主精神。
stain
vt. 沾污，染色 n. 污點
The ink stained my shirt. How can I get the ink stain out of my white shirt?
墨水在我的襯衫上留下了污跡。如何能弄掉白襯衣上的墨漬呢？
approach
v. 靠近 n. 靠近；途徑；方法
As the CET-4 approaches, I become nervous. (The approach of the CET-4 makes me nervous.)
隨著大學英語四級考試的來臨，我變得緊張起來。（大學英語四級考試的來臨使我緊張起來。）
resist
v. 抵抗；抗（病等）；忍住
I couldn't resist chatting online for over 8 hours a day once my vacation began,but then, I got tired of it 3 days later.
假期一開始，我就忍不住每天上網聊天八個小時以上，但是三天之后就厭倦了。
sustain
vt. 保持；供養；支撐；經受
It is said that Pavarotti, the famous Italian tenor,had to charter a plane whenever he was on a performing tour, because no common seat could sustain his weight.
據說意大利著名的男高音歌唱家帕瓦羅蒂每次巡回演出都得包機，因為沒有一張普通的座椅能承受他的體重。
tolerate
vt. 容許；容忍
The school cannot tolerate students cheating on their exams.
學校不容許學生考試作弊。
bound
a. 一定的；受約束的；（for, to）準備到…去的 vi. 跳躍；彈回 vt. 給…劃界限制
You've been studying so hard that you're bound to get a high score in the exam.
你一直以來都這么努力學習，考試時一定能拿高分。
boundary
n. 邊界
A boundary dispute is a quarrel about where a boundary is or ought to be.
邊界糾紛就是關于邊界在何處或應當在何處的爭論。
association
n. 協會；交往
Having an association with English native speakers is one way to improve oral English.
與母語是英語的人交往是提高英語口語的一種途徑。
recycle
vt. 回收利用
Often substantial energy savings are achieved by recycling waste materials.
在很多情況下能源節省是通過回收再利用廢舊材料達到的。
abuse
n. / vt. 濫用；虐待；辱罵
Some officials abuse their power and treat people with contempt.
一些官員濫用權力，盛氣凌人地對待人民。
overlook
vt. 忽略；寬恕；俯瞰
The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook.
做聰明人的訣竅，就是要懂得該忽略什么。
intention
n. 意圖
The road to hell is paved with good intentions.
好心辦壞事。
enormous
a. 巨大的
When the first all-purpose computer was completed in 1946, no one could have foreseen the enormous impact it would have in the years ahead.
當第一臺多功能電子計算機在1946年安裝完備的時候，沒有人能預見它在未來歲月里的巨大影響力。
rainbow
n. 虹
My four-year-old niece insisted that the rainbow in the sky should be the bridge for the fairies.
我4歲的外甥女堅持說天上的彩虹是給仙女過的橋。
ribbon
n. 絲帶；色帶
Girls sometimes use ribbons to tie their hair in a ponytail.
女孩子有時候喜歡用絲帶扎馬尾辮。
rank
n. 軍銜；地位；（the pl.）普通成員；排 vt. 把…分等 vi. 列入
Brazil (was) still ranked top in the FIFA's world ranking in 2006.
2006年，巴西在國際足聯排名表上仍排在首位。
occupy
vt. 占用；使忙碌
Is anyone occupying the seat?/Is this seat occupied?
這個座位有人嗎？
classify
vt. 把…分類，把…分級
Killer whales aren't classified as true whales but as the largest of the forty kinds of dolphins.
逆戟鯨不被歸為鯨類，而被歸入40種海豚中最大的那一類。
glimpse
vt./n. 一瞥
I always (have a) glimpse at the headlines before I decide what to read in the newspaper.
在決定看報紙上哪些內容之前，我總是先迅速瀏覽一下標題。
vision
n. 想象（力），幻想；視力
My long term vision is to get my Ph.D.
拿博士學位是我長期的夢想。
entitle
vt. 給…權利；給…題名
This ticket entitles you to (get) a free French fries in the McDonald's.
憑此券你可在麥當勞免費得到一份炸薯條。
absorb
vt. 吸收；使全神貫注
Newton was so absorbed in his work that he boiled his watch when he wanted to boil an egg to eat.
牛頓如此專心于他的工作，以至想煮個雞蛋吃的時候把手表給煮了。
concentrate
v. 全神貫注；集中；濃縮 n. 濃縮物
Can you still concentrate on your reading with the TV on?
開著電視你還能集中精神看書嗎？
commit
vt. 犯（錯誤、罪行等）；（oneself）使承擔義務；（to）把…托付給；撥出
It is a cowardly act to commit suicide in face of difficulty.
遇到困難時自殺是懦夫的行為。
switch
v. 轉變 n. 開關；轉變
Let's switch the conversation to a lighter subject.
我們把談話轉移到一個輕松點的話題吧。
convert
v.（使）轉變；（使）改變信仰
Coal can be converted into gas by burning.
煤炭通過燃燒可轉化為煤氣。
valid
a. 有根據的；有效的
In many countries, a driving license is a valid proof of identity.
駕駛執照在很多國家是有效的身份證明。
fruitful
a. 多產的，富有成效的
The anonymous tip proved fruitful, as the suspect was captured.
匿名懸賞取得了成效，因為嫌疑人被抓住了。
effective
a. 有效的；給人印象深刻的；實際的
We hope the government will take effective measures to reduce pollution.
我們希望政府采取有效措施減少污染。
expansive
a. 易膨脹的；開朗的，健談的
Don't let out your secret to those who easily become expansive after a few drinks.
不要向那些喝幾杯酒話就滔滔不絕的人泄露你的秘密。
expansion
n. 擴展；膨脹
We are recruiting talents for the following positions due to the expansion of business.
由于業務擴展，我公司現要招納以下職位的人才。
define
vt. 給…下定義；限定
How do you define happiness?
你怎樣定義"幸福"？
definite
a. 明確的；一定的
There are definite restrictions on the sale of alcoholic beverages.
關于酒類的銷售是有明確限制的。
submit
vi.（to）屈服 vt. 提交；主張
The man refused to submit to an unjust decision.
那名男子拒絕服從不公正的判決。
claim
vt. 聲稱；對…提出要求；使失蹤或死亡；需要 n. 聲稱；索賠
Do you believe the charlatans' claim that the panaceas they sell can cure all diseases?
那些江湖郎中聲稱他們賣的萬靈藥能治百病，你相信他們嗎？
assert
vt. 斷言；堅持
Copernicus asserted before the church that there was nothing wrong with his theory.
在教會面前，哥白尼堅稱他的理論沒錯。
proclaim
vt. 宣告；顯示
In Britain one's accent proclaims his social status.
在英國，一個人的口音顯示他所處的社會地位。
amount
n. 數量；總數 vi.（to）合計；接近
Nationally, deaths from smoking-related illnesses amount to about 30 people each day.
在全國范圍內，每天共計約30人死于與吸煙有關的疾病。
tend
vi. 往往會；趨向 vt. 照管
Some people tend to work best under stress.
有些人處在壓力下往往干得最出色。
tame
a. 馴服的；沉悶的 vt. 制服；馴化
Pigeons are easy to tame.
鴿子很容易馴養。
largely
ad. 大部分
The old tea clippers were largely replaced by steamships during the 19th century.
舊式的快速運茶帆船在19世紀時基本上被汽船代替了。
guilty
a. 內疚的；有罪的
Whenever I think of how hard my parents are saving for my education and how little I've learned, I feel guilty.
一想到父母為了我的教育攢錢那么辛苦，而我學得那么少，我就覺得內疚。
oblige
vt. 迫使；施恩于；使感激
I'm obliged to you for your help.
非常感激你的幫助。
issue
n. 問題；發行 vt. 發行；分發；流出
The police have issued an appeal for witnesses.
警方發出了尋找目擊證人的呼吁。
severe
a. 嚴重的；嚴厲的；嚴峻的；樸素的
She received severe head injuries in the accident.
她在事故中頭部受了重傷。
expose
vt. 暴露；（to）使處于…作用之下；揭露
His books exposed people to new ideas.
他的書使人們接觸了新思潮。
exposure
n. 暴露；揭發；曝光
Exposure of the skin to strong sunlight can be harmful.
皮膚受烈日暴曬會被灼傷。
betray
vt. 背叛；失信于；泄露；（非故意地）暴露
She betrayed her friends by breaking her promises.
她不遵守自己的諾言，因而失信于她的朋友。
acquire
vt. 獲得；學到
To acquire great success, you must work hard.
要獲得成功，必須努力。
inquire
v. 詢問
It's the secretary's job to inquire about the flights for the manager.
為經理查詢有關航班的情況是秘書的職責。
furnish
vt. 布置；提供，裝備
Many university career offices furnish students with resource materials to help them in their searches.
許多大學職業介紹機構向學生提供資料，幫助他們找工作。
propose
v. 提議；提名；打算；求婚
Man proposes, God disposes.
謀事在人，成事在天。
dense
a. 密集的；密度大的
An area with a dense population (A densely populated area) is a breeding place for infectious disease.
人口密集的地區是傳染病滋生的地方。
device
n. 裝置；策略
Silence is a device to avoid disputes.
沉默是避免爭吵的一個策略。
trap
n. 陷阱；圈套；困境 vt. 設陷阱捕捉；使中圈套
The prosecutor's question was a trap that caused the defendant to admit his guilt.
公訴人的問題是一個圈套，誘使被告承認罪行。
constant
a. 始終如一的；不斷的；忠實的 n. 恒量
In South China, the constant rain in spring is disgusting.
華南地區春雨連綿，這真令人討厭。
bold
a. 勇敢的；魯莽的；粗（字）體的
Fortune favors the bold, but abandons the timid.
命運寵愛勇敢者，但是拋棄弱小者。
efficient
a. 效率高的
Efficient management is one of the factors which will lower production cost.
高效的管理是降低生產成本的因素之一。
incline
v.（使）傾斜；（使）傾向于 n. 斜坡
People incline to sleepiness (=are inclined to sleep more) in spring.
春天里人們容易犯困。
purchase
vt./n. 購買
Inflation reduces the purchasing power of people living on fixed incomes.
通貨膨脹降低了靠固定收入生活的人們的購買力。
particularly
ad. 特別，尤其
Everyone has a moment in history which belongs particularly to him.
每個人在歷史上都有只屬于他自己的一刻。
retain
vt. 保持
This small village still retains its old-world character.
這個小村莊仍然保持著古樸的特色。
endure
v. 忍受；持久
Is it true that women's ability to endure pain is better than men's?
女人忍受痛苦的能力比男人強，這是真的嗎？
