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Lesson 8
第八課
maintain
vt. 維持；維修；堅持；贍養
We need to do adequate exercises and eat proper food in order to maintain our health.
為了保持健康，我們要適當運動、合理飲食。
survive
vi. 幸存 vt. 從…逃出；從…中挺過來；比…活得長
Few survived (after) the plane crash.
幸免于空難的人極少。（飛機失事后生還者極少。）
minimum
a. 最小的 n. 最低限度，最少量
How many people know that a dancer with the New York City Ballet wears out a minimum of two hundred pairs of toe shoes every year?
有多少人知道一個紐約市芭蕾舞團的演員每年至少穿破200雙芭蕾舞鞋？
modest
a. 謙虛的；適中的；羞怯的
If you seem unduly modest about your success in job interviews, you will be considered incompetent and may be rejected.
如果求職面試時你對自己所獲得的成功顯得過分謙虛，就會被認為沒有能力，還可能會被拒絕（落選）。
stock
n. 庫存；股票；世系；湯汁；(總稱)家畜 v. 儲備 a. 常備的
The New York stock exchange crashed in 1929.
紐約股票交易所于1929年大崩盤。
assume
vt. 假定；擔任；呈現
Assuming that you memorize ten words every day, it won't take you long to keep all those new words in mind.
假設你每天記10個單詞，你很快就能把那些新單詞全部記住。
crime
n. 罪，犯罪
Police prevent and detect crime while the courts punish crime.
防止及偵察犯罪是警察的事，而懲罰犯罪是法庭的事。
distinct
a. 有區別的；清楚的；明確的
Mozart's style is quite distinct from Haydn's.
莫扎特的風格與海頓的風格截然不同。
sufficient
a. 足夠的，充分的
Many people working and living in the city don't have sufficient sleep.
很多在城市工作和居住的人睡眠都不充足。
approximate
a. 近似的 v.（to）接近，估計
According to an approximate estimate, about 40 percent of Chinese Internet surfers have experienced Internet love.
根據大約估計，有近40%的中國網民經歷過網戀。
display
n./vt. 陳列，展覽；顯示
The peacock will display its beautiful tail feathers when it notices any gay colours.
孔雀看到鮮艷的顏色就會開屏（展示漂亮的尾部羽毛）。
reaction
n. 反應，反作用；（against）反動
What's your reaction to the rumors about you?
你對有關你的謠言有何反應？
comment
n. 評論；閑話 vt. 評論
When the love scandal between Clinton and Lewinsky was revealed, not many Americans liked to comment on it.
當克林頓和萊溫斯基的性丑聞曝光時，并沒有很多美國人喜歡評論此事。
artificial
a. 人造的；矯揉造作的
This fruit juice absolutely contains no artificial flavouring or colouring.
這種果汁絕不含人造香精和色素。
contrast
n. 對比；反差 v. 對比
Writers like to contrast good with evil.
作家喜歡用美好與邪惡形成對比。
contribute
v. 捐款；（to）促成；投稿
Plenty of fresh air contributes to good health.
多呼吸新鮮空氣對健康有益。
sole
a. 單獨的，唯一的；獨有的 n. 腳底
I never like to follow any tourist guide when I travel, because the sole concern of a tourist guide is to cover all spots according to a strict schedule.
我旅游從來就不喜歡跟著導游走，因為導游唯一考慮的就是按照一成不變的日程安排走過所有的景點
attain
vt. 達到
We have to make sustaining efforts to attain our goal.
為了達到目標，我們必須做出不懈的努力。
observe
vt. 注意到；觀察；評說；遵守
It is easy to observe the great changes in the city.
這個城市的巨大變化顯而易見。
observation
n. 觀察；言論；(常pl.)觀察資料；觀察力
He is a man of keen observation.
他是一個具有敏銳觀察力的人。
growth
n. 增長，增長量；生長，生長物
Confidence is a plant of slow growth.
信心是一株生長緩慢的幼苗。
neglect
vt./n. 忽略；疏忽
It's quite common that career women neglect their families and their children.
職業女性忽略家庭和孩子的現象很常見。
deny
vt. 否認；拒絕給予
Beckham denied having an affair with the young woman./ Beckham denied that he had an affair with the young woman.
貝克漢姆否認與那年輕女子有染。
miserable
a. 痛苦的；令人難受的
It's raining nonstop-what miserable weather!
雨下個不停，多煩人的天氣！
opportunity
n. 機會
reality
n. 現實；真實
It takes time for a dream to become a reality.
夢想變成現實需要時間。
consequently
ad. 所以
So the story goes: at the first two false alarms the boy gave, people in the village got fooled, and consequently no one came when the real wolf was approaching him however hard he cried for help.
故事是這樣的：那男孩起初發了兩次假警報，村里的人都上當受騙，所以當真的有狼來的時候，不管他喊救命喊得有多起勁，誰也不來救他了。
relieve
vt. 使輕松；減輕；使得到調劑；接替
The painkillers can only relieve your pain. You need other medicine to cure your disease.
止痛藥只能減輕疼痛。要治好病，還需要其他藥物。
relief
n. 輕松；緩解；使得到調劑；接替
I felt great relief when I heard I had passed the examination.
聽說通過了考試，我感到輕松多了。
contrary
a.（to）相反的 n. (the ~)相反事物
Many things in our life are often contrary to our expectation.
我們生活中很多事情經常事與愿違。
pitch
n. 球場；程度；音高；瀝青 vt. 投擲；使猛然倒下；表達；定調；架設 vi. 投擲；猛然倒下；顛簸
As the pitcher in a baseball game, it is important to pitch the ball well.
棒球賽中投手把球投好至關重要。
toss
vt. 拋；猛抬（頭）；拌；（up）擲（錢幣）；使搖動 vi.（up）擲錢幣來決定；翻來覆去 n. 擲錢幣來決定；猛抬頭
Let's toss (up)/toss a coin to decide who will pay the bill.
我們拋硬幣決定誰付賬吧。
insert
vt. 插入，嵌入
When you draw money from an ATM, you should insert your debit card first.
當你要從自動提款機上取錢時，首先得插入你的借記卡。
impose
vt. （on）把…強加于；征（稅等）
You can express your opinion, but don't try to impose your ideas on others.
你可以發表意見，但不要試圖把自己的想法強加給別人。
plunge
vi. 縱身投入；猛沖；猛跌 vt. 把…投入；遭受 n. 投身入水；猛跌
Firemen plunged into the burning building to rescue people.
消防員沖進正在燃燒的大樓救人。
adjust
vt. 調整 vi.（to）適應
Astronauts in flight must adjust (themselves) to weightlessness.
宇航員在飛行中必須適應失重。
harm
n./vt. 傷害，損害
Jealousy does more harm than witchcraft.
嫉妒比魔法更害人。
spite
n. 惡意，怨恨
I think he said that out of/from spite.
我覺得他說那話是出于惡意的。
dim
a. 昏暗的；朦朧的 v.（使）變模糊
Reading in dim light does harm to the eyes.
在昏暗的光線下看書對眼睛有害。
delivery
n. 投遞；投遞的郵件；分娩；演講
The firm stopped free home delivery.
公司停止了免費送貨上門的服務。
inform
vt. 通知 vi.（against, on）告發
replace
vt. 取代；更換；把…放回原處
You'll have to replace those tyres; they're badly worn.
你必須更換這些輪胎，它們磨損得太厲害了。
accomplish
vt. 完成，實現
Are you content to be a person who will never accomplish anything?
你甘心做一個永遠一事無成的人嗎？
surround
vt. 包圍；圍繞
The campus of Oxford University is not surrounded by walls.
牛津大學校園是沒有圍墻的。
circumstance
n. 環境；(pl.)形勢
Under no circumstances will I betray my friends.
在任何情況下我都決不背叛我的朋友。
generate
vt. 產生；引起
A lot of publicity was used to generate interest in the new film.
媒體對這部新影片做了大量宣傳以引起公眾的興趣。
create
vt. 創造；引起
"Snoopy", a lovely little dog created by Charles Schulz in his comic strip Peanuts, has now become a popular cartoon character known all over the world.
"史努比"是查爾斯?舒爾茨在他的漫畫《小人物》（或《花生》）中創造出來的一只可愛的小狗，如今成了聞名于世界的一個受歡迎的卡通形象。
creative
a. 有創造力的
Modern education attaches great importance to cultivating a new creative generation.
現代教育非常重視培育有創造力的新一代。
fade
vi. 褪去；變微弱；凋謝 vt. 使褪色
The memory of happiness and sufferings in our childhood will never fade in our minds.
童年時代歡樂和苦楚的回憶永遠不會從我們的腦子里消失。
thorough
a. 徹底的；仔細周到的
A thorough search has been carried out for the lost pilot, but it was in vain.
人們仔細地尋找過失蹤的飛行員，可是沒有找到。
procedure
n. 程序，步驟
Registering for marriage is no longer a very complicated procedure in China.
在中國登記結婚不再是很復雜的程序。
process
n. 過程；工序；（法律）程序 vt. 加工，處理
Building a car is a long process.
制造一輛小汽車有很長的工序。
activity
n. 活動；活躍
Do you think extracurricular activities will take up too much of our precious time for study?
你認為課外活動會占去我們很多寶貴的學習時間嗎？
participate
vi.（in）參加
College students are expected to participate in discussions in the class.
大學課堂上希望學生參加討論。
cliff
n. 懸崖
The White Cliffs of Dover have caves and tunnels originally used by smugglers.
多佛市（英國港口）的白堊崖有很多巖洞和隧洞，原為走私者所用。
respectively
ad. 各自地
The College English Test Band 4 is held annually in June and December respectively.
大學英語4級考試分別在每年的6月份和1月份舉行。
reasonable
a. 通情達理的；合理的；公道的；過得去的
I will accept your proposal if your budget is reasonable.
如果你的預算合理的話，我就接受你的提議。
specific
a. 特定的；明確的 n. (pl.)詳情
Instructions for a nation-wide test must be specific.
全國統考的考試指令必須詳細而明確。
specialize
vi.（in）專攻
The more rapidly the economy develops, the more our environment is threatened. Therefore we need better research centers that specialize in ecology.
經濟發展的速度越快，我們的環境受到的威脅越大，也就需要更好的專攻生態學的研究中心。
usage
n. 使用，用法；慣用法
Languages develop continually through usage.
語言在使用中不斷發展。
utility
n. 功用，效用；(常pl.)公用事業
Railroads, bus lines, gas and electric companies are public utilities.
鐵路、公共汽車、煤氣和電力公司都是公用事業。
stable
a. 穩定的；沉穩的 n. 馬廄
Only one year after graduation could he get a stable job in a bank.
畢業一年后他才在一家銀行找到了一份穩定的工作。
abolish
vt. 徹底廢除
Some superstitious practices should be abolished as soon as possible.
有些迷信做法應盡早廢除。
abundant
a. 大量的；（in）富裕的
We have abundant proof of his innocence.
我們有充分的證據證明他是無辜的。
cabinet
n. 內閣；陳列柜
In Britain, members of the Cabinet are chosen by the Prime Minister.
在英國，內閣成員是由首相挑選的。
candidate
n. 申請求職者；投考者；候選人
There were a large number of candidates for the job.
有許多求職者申請這份工作。
capable
a. 有能力的
Not everyone is capable of judging art.
并不是每個人都有鑒賞藝術的能力。
decay
vi. 腐爛；衰落 n. 腐爛；衰敗狀態
Dentists advise their patients to brush and floss regularly to prevent their teeth from decaying.
牙醫建議他們的病人定期刷牙并用潔牙線剔牙，以防止蛀牙。
economy
n. 經濟；節約
You should learn to practice economy in making out the household budget.
你應當在制訂家庭預算時學會精打細算。
faithful
a. 忠誠的；盡職的；如實的
If you want your friends to be faithful to you, you must first be a faithful friend to them.
如果你希望你的朋友對你忠誠，你自己首先必須是他們忠實的朋友。
identical
a.（to, with）相同的
My opinions are not always identical with my parents'.
我的意見并不總是和父母的意見相同。
lag
vi. 走得慢 n. 滯后，間隔
The tortoise lagged behind the rabbit when they recompeted in the race.
龜兔重新賽跑時，烏龜遠遠地落在兔子后面。
negative
a. 否定的；消極的；負的n. 底片；負數
I didn't do well in the interview with Uni-Liver and I am afraid of getting a negative response.
我到聯合利華公司的面試不理想，現在真害怕收到否定的答復。
parade
n. 游行，檢閱 v.（使）列隊行進
Some of the audience began to scream when the Italian football team paraded the football field.
當意大利足球隊列隊出場時，一些觀眾尖叫起來。
rack
n. 掛架 vt. 使痛苦；使努力
Although I racked my brains, I couldn't get the right answer.
我絞盡腦汁也想不出答案。
rare
a. 稀有的；珍奇的；稀薄的；煎得嫩的
The panda is a rare animal in the world.
熊貓是世界上一種稀有動物。
raw
a. 自然狀態的；生的；未經分析的；生疏無知的；露肉而刺痛的
Coal and oil are important raw materials for the manufacture of plastics.
煤和石油是塑料制品的重要原料。
sacrifice
n. 犧牲；獻祭；祭品 vt. 犧牲；獻祭
Success in your job is not worth the sacrifice of your health.
以犧牲健康來求得工作上的成功是不值得的。
salary
n. 薪水
Computer engineers at IBM are people with high salaries.
IBM公司的電腦工程師都是些高收入者。
wage
n. (常pl.)工資 vt. 開始
People are beginning to wage war on pollution.
人們開始向污染宣戰。
