1. They were the specialty-cheese-eating, sport-utility vehicle-driving environmentalists who railed against the elite even as they became one of themselves.
本句是一個復合句，主句是They were...environmentalists。其中the specialty-cheese-eating和 sport-utility vehicle-driving兩個現在分詞短語作前置定語修飾environmentalists o who引導限制性定語從句，修飾environmentalists。even as引導時間狀語從句。
語法重點：分詞短語作定語，定語從句，時間狀語從句
2. The poorgeoisie are the countercultural rich who have adopted a form of consumerism against consumerism, a way of spending to make themselves look as though they haven't spent.
本句是一個復合句，主句是The poorgeoisie are the countercultural rich o who引導限制性定語從句，修飾the countercultural rich。其中 a way of...spent是a form of consumerism的同位語。其中as though引導方式狀語從句。
語法重點：定語從句，同位語，方式狀語從句