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Passage Three
段落三
It's logical to suppose that things like good labor relations, good working conditions, good wages and benefits and job security motivate workers, but one expert, Frederick Herzberg argued that such conditions do not motivate workers. They are merely satisfiers.
認為良好的勞資關系、愉悅的工作環境、較高的工資和福利待遇、工作安全性好能夠激勵員工，這是完全符合邏輯的。然而，專家弗洛迪克?赫茲伯格認為這些條件并不能激勵員工，只是讓員工得到滿足的物質條件而已。
Motivators, in contrast, include things such as having a challenging and interesting job, recognition and responsibility.
相反，激勵因素包括挑戰性和趣味性的工作、認可和責任等。
However, even with the development of computers and robotics, there're always plenty of boring, repetitive and mechanical jobs and lots of unskilled people who have to do them.
然而，即使隨著計算機技術和機器人技術的發展，仍有大量無聊、重復和機械的工作，并且還必須有大量做這些工作的非技術人員。
So how do managers motivate people in such jobs? One solution is to give them some responsibilities, not as individuals, but as a team.
所以管理人員如何激勵從事這種工作的人呢？一種解決辦法就是讓他們承擔責任，不是作為個人，而是作為團隊。
For example, some supermarkets combine office staff, the people who fill the shelves, and the people who work at the checkout into a team, and let them decide what product lines to stock, how to display them and so on.
例如，有些超市把辦公室人員、填貨人和收銀員編成一組，讓他們決定進什么貨、產品如何陳列等。
Many people now talk about the importance of a company's shared values or culture with which all the staff can identify, for example, being the best hotel chain, or making the best, the most user-friendly or the most reliable products in a particular field.
現在很多人在談論員工認同的公司價值觀和公司文化的重要性，如怎樣成為最好的旅館連鎖，或在某一特定領域做最好、最人性化或最可靠的產品。
Such values are more likely to motivate workers than financial targets which ultimately only concern a few people.
這樣的價值觀比那些只與少數人有關的財務目標更有可能激勵員工。
Unfortunately, there's only a limited number of such goals to go around and by definition, not all the competing companies in an industry can seriously play in to be the best.
不幸的是，只有個別公司才會有這樣的目標，當然，并不是所有的競爭公司在業界都能做到最好。
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.
基于你聽到的回答問題32至35。
Question 32: What can actually motivate workers according to Frederick Herzberg?
問題32. 根據弗洛迪克?赫茲伯格的觀點，什么可以激勵員工？
Question 33: What does the speaker say about jobs in the computer era?
問題33. 說話者就計算機時代的工作發表了什么觀點？
Question 34: What do some supermarkets do to motivate employees?
問題34. 一些超市為激勵員工采取了什么措施？
Question 35: Why does the speaker say financial targets are less likely to motivate workers?
問題35. 為什么說財務目標不太可能激發員工？
