大學英語四級100條閱讀難句-sentence 15
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I'm sorry you're upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done. (06.1 Passage 2)
主干:Another method...is to say...; this suggests that...
本句是由分號間隔的兩個分句構成的并列句。前一分句中,by which引導定語從句,修飾主語another method,不定式to say作表語,引號里的直接引語作say的賓語。后一分句中,that引導的從句作suggests的賓語。
譯文:另外一種表面上看似乎是在道歉,而實際上并沒有道歉的做法是說“你感到委屈,我很抱歉”,這表明,如果因為別人所做的事情而讓你自己感到委屈的話,那么你多多少少是有過錯的。
大學英語四級100條閱讀難句-sentence 16
Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. (06.1 Passage 2)
主干:there is the apology
這句話用的是there be句型,主干部分容易理解。主語apology帶了多個修飾語,包括前置修飾語general和all covering,后置修飾語是一個which引導的非限制性定語從句。在該定語從句中,介詞of+動名詞短語identifying...作定語,修飾the necessity;identifying的賓語a specific act后面帶了兩個定語從句,一個是由that引導,另一個是由which引導,這兩個定語從句用and并列鏈接。which引導的定語從句中,主語the person也另外帶有一個who引導的定語從句。
譯文:然后還有一種泛泛的無所不包的道歉,這種道歉避免了指明特別讓人傷心、特別令人委屈,道歉者應該保證不會再犯的具體行為。
大學英語四級100條閱讀難句-sentence 17
I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player's request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough. (05.6 Passage 1)
主干:I recall an incident...
句子的賓語an accident后面有兩個修飾語,一個是介詞詞組in a handball game,一個是when引導的定語從句(不是時間狀語從句!)。when引導的定語從句中,有一個because引導的原因狀語從句:注意從句的賓語when是指gloves。
譯文:我回想起在一次手球比賽中發生的事情,一個球員曾一度要求到場外更換手套,但是裁判員認為他的手套沒有濕到必須更換的程度,所以拒絕了他。