評(píng)論
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2.虛擬語(yǔ)氣
歷年真題中涉及到虛擬語(yǔ)氣的考點(diǎn)可以歸納如下：
(1)(should)+動(dòng)詞原形的情形;
(2)if或but for等引導(dǎo)的條件句;
(3)wish, if only, would rather, It is(high)time that…的用法。
【真題】You would not have failed if__________(按照我的指令去做).(2009.12)
【答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders
【解析】本題較為容易，按照漢語(yǔ)意思直譯?？键c(diǎn)有兩個(gè)：首先最重要的考點(diǎn)是if從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣考查;根據(jù)語(yǔ)法規(guī)定，如果主句中出現(xiàn)would +have的形式，從句中應(yīng)該采用had+過(guò)去分詞的結(jié)構(gòu);第二是固定搭配“按照…的指令”表達(dá)為follow my instructions 或者是follow my orders 注意多樣化的表達(dá)，兩者選其一就可以;注意很多學(xué)生出現(xiàn)遺漏主語(yǔ)you，造成不必要的失分。
【真題】The victim __________(本來(lái)會(huì)有機(jī)會(huì)活下來(lái))if he had been taken to hospital in time.(2006.12)
【解析】本句考查對(duì)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的掌握。在與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的條件下，if引導(dǎo)的條件句時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句謂語(yǔ)一般使用would have done。
【答案】would have had a chance to survive/would have had a chance of survival
注：虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法參見(jiàn)完形填空填空部分對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的講解。
