老鞋再次羅嗦:這一類的詞(動賓介),包括各種有搭配的詞,都要記住“誰跟誰在一起是什么意思”,而不是“誰是什么意思”。概言之,原則上以短語為單位記詞匯,而不是記“單詞”。
adapt original books of English to beginners
為初學者改編原版書(使原版英文書適應初學者
)
不妨follow the fashion(趕一下時髦):try to distinguish between adapt and adopt(試圖辨析一下adapt和adopt)。
Teenagers are apt to be impulsive.
年輕人容易沖動。
不錯,雖不太常用,但apt本身也是個詞,be apt to為“易于……”。
“改編”也好,“使適應”也罷,都是使其變容易的過程。
I'd rather adopt a child rather than have a baby by my wife, for by adopting I have options.
不情愿收養一個小孩而不是由我老婆親自生上一個,因為通過收養,我可以有很多選擇(自己生,確實無論質量成色都不易退貨)。
對的,opt=choose,就是“選擇”。adopt的核心意義在此,可進一步體驗。
It is advisable to adopt good advice.
____好的建議是明智的。
We should be prudent in adopting political system of industrialized countries, it is said.
在____工業化國家的政治體制時,我們宜于謹慎——據說。
死背就背死了。明白“選擇來用”,都可輕松應對。
采納建議、學習引入體制。
思考:optional subjects是什么課程?optional本身能看出詞性嗎?
You are not in a position to choose your destiny; but you are entitled to opt for your attitude: in the face of challenges, do you choose optimism or pessimism? The optimistic opt for actions while the pessimistic choose to escape.
你無從(be in a position to do,字面上“在那個位置”,因而“可以/有條件”)選擇你的命運,但你有權(be entitled to)選擇你的態度。面對挑戰的時候,你是選擇樂觀還是悲觀?樂觀的人(the+形容詞=一類事物,如the rich為“富人”),悲觀的人選擇逃避。
alternative:選擇,就是改變的空間
I have no alternative but to push on.
I have no choice but to push on.
I have no others options except pushing on.
除了一往無前,我別無選擇。
choice應該會了, option剛講過。alternative看來比較酷。從頭說起。
alter, change, modify: 三兄弟,總認識一個吧?
I will never alter/change/modify my plan unless it proves wrong.
我絕不改變我的計劃,除非它是錯的。(不準辨析:辨析是變態;prove是“證明”說不通,就是系動詞,就當成BE)。
The leading style has always been changed, for different leaders alternate in controlling the country.
領導風格一直在變,只因不同的領導人輪流掌控這個國家。(“輪流”里包含著“改變”,故alternate里包含著alter)。
Graduates are apt to alter their career plan now that they have many alternatives: find a job, apply for further study, or go abroad.
畢業生們易于改變他們的職業規劃,因為他們有很多選擇:找工作,申請深造,或者出國。(所謂alternative,其實就是alter的空間)