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On April 8, millions and millions of people across North America got to glimpse a total solar eclipse.[qh]
4月8日，北美數百萬人目睹了一場日全食。[qh]
If that brief foray into backyard astronomy left you hungry for more, never fear--we're here to feed your telescope fervor.[qh]
如果在后院對天文現象的短暫一瞥激起了你更多的探索欲，別擔心--我們的節目就能滿足你對望遠鏡觀測的熱情。[qh]
This is Science Quickly, and I'm Clara Moskowitz.[qh]
這里是科學速遞，我是克拉拉·莫斯科維茨。[qh]
Here to talk to us about her own adventures in astrophotography--and offer tips and tricks for new amateur astronomers--is Dr. Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, an Associate Professor of Physics at the University of New Hampshire.[qh]
在今天的節目里，新罕布什爾大學的物理學副教授昌達·普雷斯科德-溫斯坦博士將向我們講述她自己在天體攝影方面的經歷，并為新入門的業余天文學家提供了一些建議和技巧。[qh]
Hi, Chanda. Thanks so much for being here with us today.[qh]
你好，昌達。非常感謝你今天參加我們的節目。[qh]
I'm excited to be here.[qh]
我很高興能來到節目。[qh]
So, you are a professional astrophysicist, but you also recently became an amateur astronomer.[qh]
你是一名專業的天體物理學家，但你最近也成為了一名業余天文學家。[qh]
How does that work?[qh]
這是怎么回事？[qh]
I don't know if I fall in the category of astrophysicist in a very clear way.[qh]
我不知道自己是否明確屬于天體物理學家的范疇。[qh]
I do particle physics of dark matter, and I definitely work at the interface of the two.[qh]
我研究的是暗物質的粒子物理，我的工作也絕對屬于這兩個專業的交叉領域。[qh]
But the interesting thing is, I have an undergraduate degree in physics and astronomy and a master's degree in astronomy and a Phd in Physics.[qh]
但有趣的是，我有物理學和天文學的本科學位，天文學的碩士學位和物理學的博士學位。[qh]
And none of that involves getting any training and actually working with the kind of telescope you might put in your backyard.[qh]
所有這些都不需要接受任何培訓，也不需要使用你可能會放在后院里的那種望遠鏡。[qh]
I think a lot of people would be really shocked to hear that.[qh]
我想很多人聽到這個消息都會非常震驚。[qh]
You know, now that I've started to get some facility with using a telescope--and specifically, I've been doing astrophotography--I actually think it's kind of weird that we're not, at some point, required to learn something about this.[qh]
你知道，現在我已經開始熟練地使用望遠鏡--具體地說，我一直在做天文攝影--其實我認為，我們不被要求學習這方面的知識，在某種程度上，還挺奇怪的。[qh]
I was talking with my friend, Dr Sarah Tuttle--she's a professor of astronomy at University Of Washington and she's actually a real astronomer, like she actually builds telescopes for a living.[qh]
我在和朋友莎拉·塔特爾博士交談的時候--她是華盛頓大學的天文學教授，她其實是一名真正的天文學家，她就是靠制造望遠鏡為生的。[qh]
So, I was talking to her about this, and I was like, "isn't it kind of weird?" And she was like, "well, it's not really a skill set that most people need."[qh]
我跟她談起這件事的時候，我說，“這是不是有點奇怪？”她說：“這個技能大多數人并不需要。”[qh]
But I do think it's strange, because it's part of what we do when we do outreach, right?[qh]
但我確實認為這很奇怪，因為它是推廣服務的一部分，對吧？[qh]
And so, you'd think that you would want everyone with an astronomy degree to have facility with doing this kind of outreach.[qh]
所以，你會希望每個擁有天文學學位的人都能熟練進行這種推廣。[qh]
Because connecting with the public is so important for making sure our research has continued support.[qh]
因為與公眾保持聯系對確保我們的研究得到持續的支持是非常重要的。[qh]
Right.[qh]
沒錯。[qh]
Well, so, after so long, what drew you back to to looking through telescopes?[qh]
那過了這么久之后，是什么又讓你重新選擇用望遠鏡去觀察呢？[qh]
So, as you know, I a few years ago published a book called "The Disordered Cosmos: A Journey into Dark Matter, Spacetime and Dreams Deferred," and one of the themes in the book is the importance of people having access to a dark night sky.[qh]
所以，正如你所知道的，我幾年前出版了一本書，名為《無序的宇宙：進入暗物質、時空和延遲的夢想之旅》，書中的一個主題是人們進入黑暗夜空的重要性。[qh]
I think part of it was that I wanted to figure out the night sky that was local to me here on the New Hampshire Sea Coast.[qh]
我想部分原因是我想研究明白在新罕布什爾州當地的海岸夜空。[qh]
It's easy to get so caught up in work that you actually--you're spending a lot of time talking about looking up, but you're not actually doing that looking up.[qh]
我們很容易陷入工作中，以至于實際上--我們會花大量時間談論抬頭望向夜空，但實際上自己卻并沒有這么做。[qh]
And I wanted to share my experience of actually looking up.[qh]
我想和大家分享我真正仰望夜空的經歷。[qh]
Last week I visited the Tulane University Africana Studies department, and I showed my own astrophotography and talked to people about what it would mean to bring astrophotography into schools, and how accessible it is now, and how every school should have a small telescope that they can at least do solar observing with.[qh]
上周，我參觀了杜蘭大學非洲研究系，我展示了自己的天文攝影作品，并與人們談論了將天文攝影帶入學校意味著什么，現在它是多么觸手可及，以及每所學校都應該配備一臺小型望遠鏡，人們至少可以用它來進行太陽觀測。[qh]
So I think it it was really kind of living the values that I was out there talking to people about.[qh]
所以我認為，我的做法踐行了我告訴人們的觀念。[qh]
I love that. And you talk about being pulled toward the dark sky, but dark skies are getting a bit lighter these days, is that right?[qh]
我喜歡這樣。你談到被黑暗的天空吸引，但如今黑暗的天空好像更加明亮了，對嗎？[qh]
So, there's a huge problem with light pollution.[qh]
光污染確實是一個巨大的問題。[qh]
Something I talk about in the book is, I grew up in Los Angeles next to the 10 freeway.[qh]
我在書中談到的一點是，我在洛杉磯10號高速公路旁邊長大。[qh]
And we could see the moon and maybe Venus and not are white all.[qh]
我們可以看到月亮，也許還能看到金星，它們并不都是白色的。[qh]
It's--especially in the 1980s, and in Los Angeles, which was like, super famous for being smoggy.[qh]
特別是在20世紀80年代的洛杉磯，那里以霧霾而聞名。[qh]
And this affects our ability to do so many of the things that, you know, you pick up a book on how to do amateur astronomy, and it's like, "okay, find Polaris and then you can star hop.[qh]
這導致很多事情我們都沒法做了，隨手拿起一本關于如何當業余天文學愛好者的書，它會告訴你，“好，找到北極星，然后你就可以跳星了。[qh]
You can look through diagrams of constellations and hop from one star to another."[qh]
你可以瀏覽星座圖，從一顆星跳到另一顆星?！盵qh]
But what if you can't see half the constellations?[qh]
但如果有一半星座你都看不到呢？[qh]
People who may even want to engage in those connections are having a more difficult time doing it, because we used to be able to just do that with our eyes--just navigate with our eyes--and light pollution makes that really difficult.[qh]
那些想要了解星星之間聯系的人現在更難做到這一點，以前我們只需要肉眼就能做到--我們可以用眼睛導航--而現在的光污染大大增加了它的難度。[qh]
Totally, and it's definitely an accessibility issue as you say, but you also mentioned that some of the technology lately is making astrophotography and observing more accessible.[qh]
是的，正如你所說，這絕對是個能否看見星星的問題，但你也提到了，最近的一些技術使天文攝影和觀測變得更加容易。[qh]
So how does that play out?[qh]
那么，這一切會如何發展呢？[qh]
One of the reasons I gravitated towards astrophotography was, one, because I actually wanted to share my results.[qh]
我被天文攝影吸引的原因之一是，第一，我真的想分享我的成果。[qh]
And I think part of this is that we're in a culture now where you don't want to just see things.[qh]
部分原因是，在我們現在身處的文化中，你想要的不僅僅只是看到一些東西。[qh]
You want a photo of what you saw so that you can share it on Instagram or Tiktok.[qh]
你想要拍下你看到的東西，把它分享在Instagram或TikTok上。[qh]
The other piece of astrophotography is that instead of just taking a snapshot of the photons--so, the light particles as they're hitting your eye--with astrophotography you can actually layer multiple instances out of time, across time.[qh]
天文攝影吸引我的另一點是，它不僅僅是給光子拍攝快照--即撞擊你眼睛的輕粒子--在天文攝影中，你其實可以跨越時間，疊加多個瞬間。[qh]
So, for those who are listening who have had calculus, we're literally integrating over time, and so we're just adding all of the particles together.[qh]
所以，對那些聽過微積分的聽眾來說，我們實際上是在隨著時間的推移進行整合，我們只是把所有的粒子都加在一起。[qh]
And that means that you can get a stronger signal than you might get just from looking at something with the naked eye.[qh]
這意味著你可以得到比用肉眼看到的更強的信號。[qh]
And that means that, from my backyard, I can take images of phenomena that I can't see with my eyes.[qh]
這意味著，在我的后院，我可以拍攝到我用眼睛看不到的現象的圖像。[qh]
I actually got this really incredible image of the Rosette nebula.[qh]
其實，我拍到了一張令人驚嘆的玫瑰星云圖像。[qh]
It's something I would never be able to see just from looking at the sky.[qh]
這是我永遠無法用肉眼在天空中看到的東西。[qh]
