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Psychopaths are responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime. These people are primarily identified by an extreme lack of empathy. Now a study finds that when psychopaths see images of people in pain, there's a pattern of activity in their brains that is quite different from brain activity in non-psychopaths.
精神變態(tài)者應(yīng)對不成比例的犯罪數(shù)額負責(zé)人。這些人被初步診斷為極其缺乏同情心。如今有一項研究表明當(dāng)精神變態(tài)者觀看身陷痛苦的人的畫面時，他們大腦的活動方式與精神正常者十分不同。
Researchers tested 80 prisoners to gauge their levels of psychopathy. They then scanned the prisoners' brains using functional MRI as the prisoners were shown photos of people being intentionally hurt.
研究人員對80名囚犯的精神病程度進行了測試。他們向犯人們展示了受害者的照片，同時使用功能性磁共振掃描囚犯們的大腦。
Participants who scored high in psychopathy traits, versus those who were not considered psychopaths, showed much less activation in the areas of the brain involved in emotional reactions, social behavior and decision making. The study is published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.
將那些精神變態(tài)特征方面得分較高的參與者與那些非精神病人比較后顯示，前者的影響情緒反應(yīng)、社交行為和決策的大腦區(qū)域活性大為減少。這項研究發(fā)表在《美國醫(yī)學(xué)會精神病學(xué)》期刊上。
Unexpectedly, when viewing the photos the psychopaths experienced significant activity in the insular cortex, which is involved in emotion and self-awareness. The researchers conjecture that the reaction may have been due to the prisoners ability to imagine themselves in pain. In a still unpublished study with other inmates, subjects were specifically told to imagine the painful event happening to someone else. In that case, those scoring high in psychopathy had a lesser reaction. The psychopath thus seems able to relate to pain—as long as it's his own.
出人意料的是，當(dāng)精神病患者瀏覽那些照片時，他們大腦中負責(zé)情緒與自我意識的島葉皮層異常活躍。研究人員推測，這可能是由于囚犯們聯(lián)想到了自己痛苦時的情形。在另一項未發(fā)表的對囚犯的研究中，研究人員特別要求受試者去想象發(fā)生在其他人身上的痛苦事件。在這種情況下，得分高的精神病患反應(yīng)較小。由此可見，精神病患似乎只能體會到自己的疼痛。
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