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1 I'm basically a toddler. "The secret to understanding dog behavior is that
我還是個學步男孩。“理解狗狗行為的秘密就是，
the average dog has a mind that's equivalent to that of a human two-to-two-and-a-half-year-old,"
一般狗狗的智力相當于兩歲到兩歲半的人類。”
Stanley Coren, PhD, a professor emeritus in the psychology department at the University of British Columbia, told Psychology Today.
斯坦利·科倫博士告訴《今日心理學》。他是英屬哥倫比亞大學心理學系的名譽教授。
On average, dogs comprehend about 165 words, so they can follow a bit more than just "walk" and "treat."
平均來說，狗狗可以理解大約165個單詞，所以他們不僅僅可以懂得“走路”和“吃飯”。
They're also most likely to learn words associated with objects or activities, as opposed to words associated with emotions, such as "Good doggy!"
他們更喜歡學習與物體或活動有關的單詞，而不是與情感有關的單詞，比如“好狗”！
2 But there are a few top dogs.
但是有一些是處于頂端的狗。
"Superdogs"—those in the top 20 percent of the intelligence spectrum—are a little closer to human three-year-olds, and they can understand more than 250 words.
“超級狗”-那些智商最高的20%的狗-它們的智商更接近人類三歲的孩子，他們能聽懂250多個單詞。
"Every now and then, you get a Mozart or Dickens of dogs who can understand 1,000 words," Coren says.
“有時，你會遇到一只狗中的莫扎特或狄更斯，它們可以理解1000個單詞。”科倫說道。
Psychologist John Pilley's border collie, Chaser, showed knowledge of the names of 1,022 objects, according to a study Pilley published in Behavioural Processes in 2011.
心理學家約翰·皮爾利2011年在《行為過程》雜志上發表的一項研究表示，他養的邊境牧羊犬“追球手”知道1022件物品的名字。
"But John worked with her four hours a day, like Mozart's dad," says Coren.
科倫說：“但是約翰每天讓她學習4個小時，就像莫扎特的父親那樣。”
3 I need to get out in the world. Young dogs that don't meet people or other dogs tend to grow up fearful and aggressive.
我需要去外面的世界看看。見不到人或其它狗的小狗往往會出現恐懼心理和侵略性。
Before they are six months old, puppies should meet 150 people and visit 50 different places.
在小狗六個月大之前，它們應該見到150個人，參觀50個不同的地方。
"It doesn't have to be Zanzibar," Coren says. "It can be rooms that are very different, machine shops, parking lots, whatever."
不一定非得去桑給巴爾島，”科倫說。“可以是非常不同的房間，機械車間，停車場，等等。”
4 I'll tell you when I'm lonely.
我孤單的時候會告訴你的。
Alert pet owners know that the pitch, duration, and frequency of their dog's bark differ depending on the circumstances,
機敏的寵物主人知道，在不同的情況下，狗狗叫聲的聲調，持續的時間和頻率會有所不同。
and researchers are learning what some of that nuance among vocalizations means.
研究人員正在研究發聲之間的細微差別意味著什么。
For example, dogs bark differently when they're encountering a stranger than when they're hungry or want company.
比如，狗狗遇到陌生人的叫聲和它們饑餓或者想要陪伴的的叫聲是不同的。
Two to four high-pitched barks mean a dog senses a threat and is alerting the pack to potential danger, Coren says.
科倫說，兩到四聲尖銳的吠叫意味著，狗狗察覺到了威脅，警示同伴有潛在危險。
But a long string of single barks with pauses in between? That probably means your dog is lonely.
那一些列單獨的、中間還有停頓的叫聲呢？可能是你的狗寂寞了。
5 I also use my own sign language. Dogs do talk to you through barks and whines, but don't ignore their more physical communication,
我也有自己的手勢語。狗的確通過吠叫和牢騷聲和你交流，但是不要忽略他們的身體語言，
such as when Spot paws at the bottom of the sofa to indicate that his ball is hidden underneath.
比如，它們朝著沙發底部撓爪子，來表示它的球跑到了下面。
"Dogs are excellent at adapting their body language to provide us clues about how they feel and what they want,"
“狗非常擅長改變他們的身體語言來告訴我們他們的感覺和需求，
says Monique A. R.Udell, PhD, an assistant professor in the department of animal and rangeland sciences at Oregon State University.
莫妮可·A·尤戴爾博士說。他是俄勒岡州立大學動物和牧場科學系的助理教授。
6 You might be transferring your stress to me. "Tension flows down the leash," Coren says.
你可能在把你的壓力轉到我身上。”科倫說：“緊張會向下傳遞。”
"If you're tense and upset, your dog will start to act tense and upset too."
“如果你感到緊張和不安，你的狗會開始表現地緊張和不安。”
He recounts a story of a woman who didn't understand why her dog had started acting aggressive.
他講述了一個女人的故事，她不明白為什么她的狗開始表現出攻擊性。
When Coren found out she was troubled over a recent breakup with a boyfriend,
當科倫發現她因為最近和男友分手遭到困擾時，
he suggested that she focus on getting lots of exercise and socialization with her dog to help dissipate any tension she might be passing along to her pet.
他建議她和狗狗一起增加鍛煉和社交，來幫助消除任何她可能傳遞給狗的緊張感。
