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That problem is that there is really no way. When you throw something away, it typically goes into a landfill.
問題就是，那些東西根本沒有辦法真正的消失。當我們丟掉一些東西時，它們通常會被送到垃圾填埋場。
Now, a landfill is basically something which is not going to go away, and it's increasing.
而垃圾填埋場是不會消失的，而且現(xiàn)在規(guī)模還在不斷增加。
At the moment, we have about 1.3 billion tons of material every year going into landfills.
現(xiàn)在，我們每年把13億噸垃圾送到垃圾填埋場。
By 2100, it's going to be about four billion tons. See, instead, I'd prefer if we started thrifting.
2100年，這個數(shù)字會達到40億噸。而我希望我們開始學會節(jié)儉。
What that means is, we consider materials when they go into products
這意味著，我們要思考：在產(chǎn)品的各個階段，從生產(chǎn)制造，
and also when they get used, and, at the end of their life: When can they be used again?
到消費使用，最后到壽終正寢，材料什么時候能被二次利用？
It's the idea of completely changing the way we think about waste, so waste is no longer a dirty word -- we almost remove the word "waste" completely.
我們要徹底改變對垃圾的看法，讓垃圾不再是一個骯臟的詞——我們幾乎再也不需要用“垃圾”這個詞。
All we're looking to is resources. Resource goes into a product and then can basically go into another product.
我們看到的只有資源。這些資源會被制作成產(chǎn)品，然后通過再利用變成另一件產(chǎn)品。
We used to be good at thrifting. My grandmother, again, used to use old seed packets to paper the bathroom walls.
我們過去很擅長節(jié)儉。再說回我的祖母，她曾經(jīng)用舊的種子包裝紙來當浴室的墻紙。
I think, though, there are companies out there who understand this value and are promoting it.
我認為，一些公司明白產(chǎn)品重復利用的價值，而且正在推廣它。
And a lot of the technologies that have been developed for the smart age can also be adapted to reduce, reuse and also thrift more proficiently.
許多智能時代的科技，也能幫助我們更好地減少使用，重復利用，勤儉節(jié)約。
And as a materials scientist, what I've been tracking over the last couple of decades is how companies are getting smart at thrifting,
作為一個材料學家，我一直在研究過去二十年企業(yè)在節(jié)儉方面取得的成效，
how they're able to understand this concept and profit from it.
研究它們?nèi)绾卫斫夤?jié)儉這個概念，并通過節(jié)儉獲取利潤。
I'm going to give you two examples. The first one, a good one; the second one, not so good. The first is the automotive industry.
我給你們講兩個例子。第一個是好的，第二個是不太好的。第一個例子是關于汽車制造業(yè)的。
Not always known as the most innovative or creative of industries, but it turns out, they're really, really good at recycling their products.
沒有多少人會認為這是一個極具創(chuàng)新的產(chǎn)業(yè)，而事實上，這個產(chǎn)業(yè)在回收再利用方面做得十分出色。
