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Following the fall of the Soviet Union, most high capital industries were overtaken by oligarchs, who became extremely wealthy off of former state resources, while shutting out any potential free market competition. In fact, of Russia's 77 billionaires, one of the richest made his fortune by selling shares of government industries for private loans, through a government sanctioned program.
蘇聯解體后，大多數高資本產業都被寡頭取代，這些寡頭憑借前國家資源變得極為富有，同時排除了任何潛在的自由市場競爭。事實上，在俄羅斯的77位億萬富翁中，最富有的人之一是通過政府批準的一項計劃、出售政府工業股份換取私人貸款而發家致富的。
However, it's not all bad news. According to the Economist, the share of crony billionaire industries has fallen by as much as 16% in the past two years, due in part to a global crackdown on the worst forms of crony capitalism, such as corruption.
但也不全是壞消息。據《經濟學人》報道，在過去兩年中，裙帶億萬富翁的產業份額下降了16%，部分原因是全球對腐敗等最惡劣形式的裙帶資本主義的打擊。
And while this share of so-called "crony wealth" is consistent among wealthy countries, developing countries have managed to diversify their wealth away from those industries. Since 2008, the share of wealth has fallen from 7% to just 4%, an incredible leap considering how much easier it is to cull government favor in less developed regions.
雖然這種所謂的“裙帶財富”在富裕國家中所占比例是一致的，但發展中國家已成功實現了財富多元化，不再局限于這些行業。2008年以來，財富占比從7%將至4%，考慮到在欠發達地區剔除政府青睞對象要容易得多，因此這是一個令人難以置信的飛躍。
The Economist ranks Donald Trump at number 104 in "individual cronyism", due to his business dealings in real estate and casinos. However, the United States itself only ranks as number sixteenth worldwide.
《經濟學人》將唐納德·特朗普的“個人任人唯親”指數排在第104位，因為他在房地產和賭場有商業往來。然而，美國本身只排在世界第16位。
Trump favoring certain industries over others has already begun to happen, just how far it will go remains to be seen. But while Trump may use his presidency to enrich the businesses he prefers, many worry he may use it to enrich himself and his family.
特朗普偏向某些行業勝過其他行業的事情已經開始發生，究竟會走多遠還有待觀察。不過，雖然特朗普可能會利用他的總統任期來使他喜歡的企業更為富有，但許多人擔心他可能會利用它來使自己和家人更為富有。
In fact, this practice is known in other parts of the world as "kleptocracy", so what exactly does that mean, and who have been the most notorious kleptocrats? Find out in this video.
事實上，這種做法在世界其他地方被稱為“盜賊統治”，那么這究竟是什么意思，誰曾經是世界上最臭名昭著的盜賊政客？請在此視頻中找到答案。
Not only did Duvalier siphon as much as $800 million according to Transparency International, he spent state funds on many personal expenses. In one case, he allegedly spent millions on a wedding for himself. Thanks for watching Seeker Daily, don't forget to like and subscribe for more videos every day.
透明國際組織表示，杜瓦利埃不僅吸走了多達8億美元的資金，還將國家資金用于許多個人花銷。舉個例子，據說他為自己的婚禮花了數百萬。感謝觀看Seeker Daily，不要忘記每天點擊喜歡和訂閱更多視頻。
