評論
打印
A bipartisan group of Senators has introduced a bill
一個成員橫跨參議院兩黨的小組提出了一項
that would give the Trump Administration the power to electronically jam drones that get too close to federal facilities;
允許特朗普政府對過于靠近聯邦設施的無人機進行電子干擾的法案。
it is expected to pass before the end of the year.
預計該法案將于年底前通過。
Agencies across government are now forbidden to identify and shoot down drones
政府的所有機構現在都被禁止識別并擊落無人機，
because of decades-old regulations that treat the robotic aircraft as if they were passenger jets.
因為實施了數十年之久的法規一直給予了無人機與客機同等的待遇。
Officials say they’re in a race against time.
官員們表示，他們正在與時間賽跑。
“It’s not if these devices will be weaponized in the homeland but when,” an Administration official told TIME.
一名政府官員接受本刊采訪時表示，“問題不是這些設備是否會在美國被武器化，而是什么時候被武器化。”
A White House fact sheet put out in support of the new measures
白宮發布了一份支持新措施的簡報，
says criminals could “drop explosive payloads, deliver harmful substances and conduct reconnaissance” using quadcopters.
稱犯罪分子可能用四軸無人機“投擲炸彈，運送有害物質或開展偵察工作”。
In November, authorities arrested a 55-year-old Sacramento man
去年11月，當局就逮捕了一名55歲的薩克拉門托男子，
who flew a drone that dropped leaflets featuring a rant against television-news outlets
因該男子在美國國家橄欖球聯盟比賽期間操控無人機
inside Levi’s Stadium in Santa Clara, Calif., during an NFL game.
往加利福尼亞州圣克拉拉的李維斯體育場內空投怒罵電視新聞機構的傳單。
No one was harmed, but officials with DHS and outside analysts took it as a warning:
雖未造成人身傷害，但國土安全部官員和外部分析人士還是認為應該引以為戒：
What if the drone’s payload were an explosive or a harmful chemical?
如果無人機裝載的是爆炸物或有害化學物質情況又會如何？
He was cited for flying the drone in prohibited airspace, a misdemeanor.
該男子被控在禁飛區飛行無人機，并被處以輕罪。
One reason the U.S. government fears drone warfare is that it knows the power of remotely controlled air power.
美國政府之所以擔心無人機戰，部分原因在于他們深知遠程控制空中力量的威力。
Since 2001, the CIA and Air Force have deployed the multimillion-dollar fixed wing MQ-1 Predator and MQ-9 Reaper drones,
自2001年以來，中央情報局和空軍部門已經部署了價值數百萬美元的固定翼“MQ-1捕食者”和“MQ-9收割者”等
which are the size of small fighter jets and can deliver Hellfire missiles and 500-lb. bombs.
小型戰斗機大小，可以發射地獄火導彈和500磅炸彈的無人機。
These drones, mostly operated remotely from Nevada, have killed thousands of militants across the Middle East and the Horn of Africa.
據總部位于倫敦，追蹤無人機襲擊數據的調查新聞局透露，
They have also been responsible for 751 to 1,555 civilian deaths,
大多在內華達州遠程操作的這些無人機
according to the London-based Bureau of Investigative Journalism, which tracks drone-strike data.
已經在中東和非洲之角消滅了數千名武裝分子，也造成了751~1555名平民死亡。
The Obama Administration struggled to balance the strategic advantages of drones with the humanitarian costs.
奧巴馬政府曾為平衡無人機的戰略優勢和人道主義成本問題付出了艱辛的努力。
Over years of internal debate and external pressure,
經過多年的內部爭論和外部壓力，
it developed a legal and policy framework underlying the controversial practice of targeted killing with drones.
該政府還是制定了為無人機定點殺傷這一備受爭議的做法提供依據的法律和政策框架。
Critics, like the American Civil Liberties Union, said the extrajudicial system enabled a sitting President to be “judge, jury and executioner.”
美國公民自由聯盟等批評人士表示，上述法外制度使現任總統能夠同時“擔任法官、陪審團和劊子手”。
The Trump Administration has continued operating under the Obama rules.
特朗普政府繼續奉行著奧巴馬時代的規則。
It has loosened constraints on who can be targeted on the basis of the threat they pose.
在因構成威脅而判定某人為針對目標時也放松了限制條件。
Most of the danger from the commercial drone boom here at home has been in the category of nuisance offenses.
國內商用無人機的繁榮帶來的危險大多都僅限于妨害罪。
Under current law, hobbyists and commercial users must keep unmanned aircraft below 400 ft.
現行法律規定，無人機愛好者和商業用戶必須將無人機的飛行高度控制在400英尺（約122米）以內，
and avoid flying within five miles of an airport to avoid endangering commercial aircraft.
同時避免在距離機場五英里（約8公里）的范圍內飛行，以免危及商用飛機。
Even small drones could disable a passenger jet by getting sucked into and destroying a jet’s engine.
即使是小型無人機也可能被吸入繼而摧毀客機引擎，導致整個客機失控。
Still, recreational drone users often ignore the law.
不過，娛樂性無人機用戶經常無視這些法律規定。
On Sept.30, 2017, alone, there were eight dangerous drone incidents, according to the FAA:
美國聯邦航空局透露，僅2017年9月30日，就發生了8起危險的無人機事件：
an airline pilot reported spotting a drone at 4,000 ft. as the passenger jet came in for a landing at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago;
某飛行員報告稱，當他準備在芝加哥奧黑爾國際機場降落時，他在4000英尺(約1219米)的高空發現了一架無人機；
a pilot leaving Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport spotted a drone about 100 yd. of his left wing, hovering at 6,500 ft.;
一名剛從達拉斯/沃斯堡國際機場起飛的飛行員在距其左翼僅約100碼（約91米）處發現一架盤旋的無人機，其飛行高度高達6500英尺（約1981米）；
and others had close calls in Long Beach, Calif.; Burbank, Calif.; Newark, N.J.; McAlester, Okla.; Hollywood, Fla.; and San Antonio.
加州長灘機場，加州伯班克機場，新澤西紐瓦克機場，俄克拉荷馬州的麥卡萊斯特機場，佛羅里達州的好萊塢機場以及圣安東尼奧機場也都發生過十分驚險的無人機事件。
譯文由可可原創，僅供學習交流使用，未經許可請勿轉載。
