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On a still bigger scale, we see entire galaxies of stars. We see entire ecosystems where gas is being recycled.
在更大的范圍里，我們看到恒星組成的星系。我們看到完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，看到氣體被回收利用。
And to the cosmologist, these galaxies are just the atoms, as it were, of the large-scale universe.
對(duì)于宇宙學(xué)家來(lái)說(shuō)，這些星系只不過(guò)是組成大規(guī)模宇宙空間的原子。
This picture shows a patch of sky so small that it would take about 100 patches like it to cover the full moon in the sky.
這張照片展示了一小片天空，它是如此之小，需要用大約100塊同樣尺寸拼接在一起才能遮住天空中的滿月。
Through a small telescope, this would look quite blank, but you see here hundreds of little, faint smudges.
用臺(tái)稍小的天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡，這個(gè)區(qū)域看似空無(wú)一物。但是現(xiàn)在你能看到這里有成百個(gè)微小的暗淡色塊。
Each is a galaxy, fully like ours or Andromeda, which looks so small and faint because its light has taken 10 billion light-years to get to us.
每個(gè)都是一個(gè)星系，類似我們的銀河系或仙女星系。它們看似微小和暗淡是因?yàn)樗鼈儼l(fā)出的光經(jīng)歷了上百億光年才到達(dá)這里。
The stars in those galaxies probably don't have planets around them.
那些星系中的恒星可能沒(méi)有行星環(huán)繞。
There's scant chance of life there -- that's because there's been no time for the nuclear fusion in stars to make silicon and carbon and iron, the building blocks of planets and of life.
存在生命的可能性甚微 - 因?yàn)樵谀菬o(wú)足夠的時(shí)間允許恒星進(jìn)行核聚變，產(chǎn)生行星和生命所必需的構(gòu)造元素，如硅、碳和鐵等。
We believe that all of this emerged from a Big Bang -- a hot, dense state.
我們相信所有這一切都源于一次大爆炸 - 一個(gè)極熱、極密態(tài)。
So how did that amorphous Big Bang turn into our complex cosmos?
那么，那個(gè)無(wú)定形的大爆炸是如何演變成我們復(fù)雜的宇宙的呢？
I'm going to show you a movie simulation 16 powers of 10 faster than real time,
我將播放一段模擬影片，播放速度是實(shí)際時(shí)間的10的16次方倍速，
which shows a patch of the universe where the expansions have subtracted out.
演示宇宙的一小部分如何在膨脹中延展開(kāi)來(lái)。
But you see, as time goes on in gigayears at the bottom, you will see structures evolve as gravity feeds on small, dense irregularities, and structures develop.
你可以看到，底部顯示的時(shí)間以十億年為單位，隨著引力逐漸作用于細(xì)微的不均勻密度分布，空間物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)緩慢地演化出來(lái)。
And we'll end up after 13 billion years with something looking rather like our own universe.
于是在歷經(jīng)130億年之后，大致有形似我們的宇宙般的結(jié)構(gòu)顯露出來(lái)。
And we compare simulated universes like that -- I'll show you a better simulation at the end of my talk -- with what we actually see in the sky.
這樣可以供我們對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行比較 - 在我的發(fā)言結(jié)束時(shí)我會(huì)向大家展示一個(gè)更好的模擬 - 用我們實(shí)際從天空看到的樣子。
Well, we can trace things back to the earlier stages of the Big Bang, but we still don't know what banged and why it banged.
好吧，我們可以追溯到大爆炸后的早期場(chǎng)景，但我們?nèi)匀徊恢赖降资鞘裁幢艘约盀槭裁磿?huì)爆炸。
