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Apple resisted licensing out the Macintosh operating system until 1994,
蘋果一直拒絕把麥金塔的操作系統(tǒng)授權出去，直到1994年，
when CEO Michael Spindler allowed two small companies, Power Computing and Radius, to make Macintosh clones.
CEO邁克爾·斯平德勒允許了兩家小公司，Power Computing和Radius，生產(chǎn)麥金塔兼容機。
When Gil Amelio took over in 1996, he added Motorola to the list.
1996年吉爾·阿梅里奧接管公司后，又增加了摩托羅拉。
It turned out to be a dubious business strategy:
結果表明這是一個值得懷疑的商業(yè)戰(zhàn)略：
Apple got an $80 licensing fee for each computer sold, but instead of expanding the market,
每賣出一臺兼容機，蘋果收取80美元的授權費，但是這些兼容機并沒有讓蘋果擴大市場，
the cloners cannibalized the sales of Apple's own high-end computers, on which it made up to $500 in profit.
反而擠壓了蘋果自己的髙端計算機銷售，而賣出一臺蘋果電腦的利潤能達到500美元。
Jobs's objections to the cloning program were not just economic, however.
然而喬布斯反對兼容機項目還不僅僅是出于經(jīng)濟上的考慮。
He had an inbred aversion to it. One of his core principles was that hardware and software should be tightly integrated.
他打心眼兒里反感這種做法。他的核心原則之一就是硬件和軟件應該緊密結合。
He loved to control all aspects of his life,
他喜歡控制產(chǎn)品的所有方面，
and the only way to do that with computers was to take responsibility for the user experience from end to end.
而唯一的方式就是制造全套設備，全方面負責用戶體驗。
So upon his return to Apple he made killing the Macintosh clones a priority.
因此一回到蘋果，他就把消滅兼容機作為首要任務之一。
