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Of course, you've just heard and you already know that we're running out of antibiotics.
當(dāng)然，你一定聽說過，而且你早就知道了，我們快要沒有有效的抗生素了。
Bacteria are incredibly multi-drug-resistant right now, and that's because all of the antibiotics that we use kill bacteria.
現(xiàn)在的細(xì)菌都擁有不可思議的多重耐藥性，而這都是因為這些抗生素的工作原理都是殺死細(xì)菌。
They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.
它們要么是使細(xì)菌的細(xì)胞膜破裂，要么就是不讓細(xì)菌復(fù)制自己的DNA。
We kill bacteria with traditional antibiotics and that selects for resistant mutants.
當(dāng)我們用傳統(tǒng)抗生素來殺菌時，會同時培養(yǎng)篩選出有耐藥性的突變菌株。
And so now of course we have this global problem in infectious diseases.
所以，我們有了全球性的感染病問題。
We thought, well what if we could sort of do behavior modifications,
我們想，如果我們可以稍微更改這些細(xì)菌的行為，
just make these bacteria so they can't talk, they can't count, and they don't know to launch virulence.
只是讓這些細(xì)菌無法交談，無法計數(shù)，它們就不知何時發(fā)起毒性攻擊了。
And so that's exactly what we've done, and we've sort of taken two strategies.
這就是我們已經(jīng)完成的實驗，我們使用了兩種不同策略。
The first one is we've targeted the intraspecies communication system.
第一種，我們鎖定菌種內(nèi)通訊系統(tǒng)。
So we made molecules that look kind of like the real molecules -- which you saw -- but they're a little bit different.
我們制造了一些看起來跟真的分子很像的分子，你們可以看到，它們間只有一點點的不同。
And so they lock into those receptors, and they jam recognition of the real thing.
因此，它們會鎖住這些受體，并且干擾受體辨識真正的分子。
By targeting the red system, what we are able to do is to make species-specific, or disease-specific, anti-quorum sensing molecules.
既然鎖定紅色的系統(tǒng)，我們就可以制造針對菌種，或是針對疾病的“反聚量感應(yīng)”分子。
We've also done the same thing with the pink system.
我們也對粉紅色系統(tǒng)做了同樣的事情。
We've taken that universal molecule and turned it around a little bit so that we've made antagonists of the interspecies communication system.
我們使用那種通用分子，將之做了一些更改，我們做了一些拮抗劑，它們都是針對菌種間的通訊系統(tǒng)。
The hope is that these will be used as broad-spectrum antibiotics that work against all bacteria.
我們希望這些分子可以用來作廣譜抗生素，對所有細(xì)菌都有效。
