評論
打印
Let me make a comparison directly between the United States of America and Vietnam.
現(xiàn)在我們對比一下美國和越南。
1964. America had small families and long life; Vietnam had large families and short lives.
1964年的美國家庭小壽命長，越南的家庭大而壽命短。
And this is what happens: the data during the war indicate that even with all the death, there was an improvement of life expectancy.
這是后來的變化，越戰(zhàn)時期的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，盡管戰(zhàn)爭造成傷亡，越南人的平均壽命仍有提高。
By the end of the year, the family planning started in Vietnam; they went for smaller families.
70年代末期，越南的計劃生育減小了家庭規(guī)模。
And the United States up there is getting for longer life, keeping family size.
美國人的平均壽命也在延長，而家庭規(guī)模不變。
And in the '80s now, they give up Communist planning and they go for market economy, and it moves faster even than social life.
到了90年代，越南由計劃經(jīng)濟轉為市場經(jīng)濟，其經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的速度超過了社會的發(fā)展。
And today, we have in Vietnam the same life expectancy and the same family size here in Vietnam, 2003, as in United States, 1974, by the end of the war.
今天，越南人（2003）的平均壽命和家庭規(guī)模已經(jīng)和越戰(zhàn)結束時的美國（1974）一樣。
If we don't look in the data, I think we all underestimate the tremendous change in Asia,
如果沒有看到這些數(shù)據(jù)的話，我們會低估了亞洲的巨大變化，
which was in social change before we saw the economical change.
這些超前于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的社會變革。
Let's move over to another way here in which we could display the distribution in the world of the income.
下面我們換個視角，X軸顯示了全世界的收入分布。
This is the world distribution of income of people. One dollar, 10 dollars or 100 dollars per day.
這是全世界人民的收入分布。每天收入1美元，10美元和100美元。
There's no gap between rich and poor any longer. This is a myth.
富與窮之間的鴻溝幾乎消失了，簡直是個奇跡。
There's a little hump here. But there are people all the way.
這里還有一個很小的峰，但總體上是均數(shù)分布的。
And if we look where the income ends up, this is 100 percent the world's annual income.
我們看看收入的分配情況，這代表全世界人民每年的全部收入。
And the richest 20 percent, they take out of that about 74 percent.
最富有的20%那部分人，得到了全部收入的74%。
And the poorest 20 percent, they take about two percent.
最貧窮的20%那部分人，只得到2%。
And this shows that the concept of developing countries is extremely doubtful.
可見發(fā)展中國家的理念極其的不確切。
We think about aid, like these people here giving aid to these people here.
我們總以為最富的人應該給最窮的人提供援助。
But in the middle, we have most of the world population, and they have now 24 percent of the income.
其實中間這部分才是世界人口的主體，而他們僅得到全部收入的24%。
