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In the simultaneous mode interpreters instantaneously translate a speaker's words into a microphone while he speaks without pauses.
在同傳模式下，譯員在不打斷演講者發言的情況下，對著話筒進行實時翻譯。
Those in the audience can choose the language in which they want to follow.
觀眾可以選擇收聽的譯入語。
On the surface, it all looks seamless, but behind the scenes,
在臺上，一切都無比順暢，但在幕后，
human interpreters work incessantly to ensure every idea gets across as intended.
譯員們口筆不停確保所有信息翻譯到位。
And that is no easy task.
而這并非易事。
It takes about two years of training for already fluent bilingual professionals to expand their vocabulary
即使是雙語運用自如的專業人士，也要花上兩年的時間擴展詞匯，
and master the skills necessary to become a conference interpreter.
掌握必備技巧，方能成為大會口語員。
To get used to the unnatural task of speaking while they listen,
為了習慣這項邊聽邊說的非常任務，
students shadow speakers and repeat their every word exactly as heard in the same language.
學生先是跟讀，將演講者的話一字不差的復述出來。
In time, they begin to paraphrase what is said, making stylistic adjustments as they go.
一段時間之后，開始轉述講話內容，轉述時會適當調整文體。
At some point, a second language is introduced.
到了一定時候引入第二種語言。
Practicing in this way creates new neural pathways in the interpreter's brain,
如此練習會讓譯員大腦中形成新的神經通路，
and the constant effort of reformulation gradually becomes second nature.
重新組織語言表達漸漸成為第二天性。
Over time and through much hard work, the interpreter masters a vast array of tricks to keep up with speed,
經過日復一日的勤學苦練，譯員掌握了如何跟上發言人語速，
deal with challenging terminology, and handle a multitude of foreign accents.
處理棘手的術語，應對形形色色的口音等一系列技巧。
They may resort to acronyms to shorten long names, choose generic terms over specific, or refer to slides and other visual aides.
他們可以采用縮寫來簡化過長的名字，用詞寬泛避免太過具體，或者參考幻燈片及其視覺輔助物。
They can even leave a term in the original language, while they search for the most accurate equivalent.
他們甚至可以保留原詞不做作翻譯，直至找到最準確的對應詞。
Interpreters are also skilled at keeping aplomb in the face of chaos.
譯員也練就了泰山崩于頂而色不改的本領。
