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美國學生人類歷史(MP3+中英字幕)第123期:穆罕默德(2)

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The story of Ahmed, the son of Abdallah and Aminah (usually known as Mohammed, or "he who will be praised,"; reads like a chapter in the"Thousand and One Nights." He was a camel-driver, born in Mecca. He seems to have been an epileptic and he suffered from spells of unconsciousness when he dreamed strange dreams and heard the voice of the angel Gabriel, whose words were afterwards written down in a book called the Koran. His work as a caravan leader carried him all over Arabia and he was constantly falling in with Jewish merchants and with Christian traders, and he came to see that the worship of a single God was a very excellent thing. His own people, the Arabs, still revered queer stones and trunks of trees as their ancestors had done, tens of thousands of years before. In Mecca, their holy city, stood a little square building, the Kaaba, full of idols and strange odds and ends of Hoo-doo worship.

阿哈默德是阿布達拉和阿米娜的兒子,世人皆稱他為"穆罕默德",意思是"該受贊美的人"。他的生平事跡讀起來就像《一千零一夜 》里的一個故事。穆罕默德生于麥加,原來的職業是趕駱駝行商者。他似乎患過癲癇病,每逢發病便會昏迷不醒。昏迷期間,他做了奇特的夢,聽見大天使迦伯列向他說話。這些話后來被記載到圣書《古蘭經》里。因為作商隊首領,穆罕默德走遍了阿拉伯各地,經常與猶太商賈和基督徒生意人交往。通過和他們的接觸,穆罕默德認識到崇拜唯一的上帝是件很有益的事情。當時他的阿拉伯人民還如其幾千年前的祖輩一樣,敬拜奇怪的石頭和樹干。在他們的圣城麥加,至今保存著一座方形神殿,其中供奉的黑石等許多器物就屬于伏都教崇拜的遺跡。"
Mohammed decided to be the Moses of the Arab people. He could not well be a prophet and a camel-driver at the same time. So he made himself independent by marrying his employer, the rich widow Chadija. Then he told his neighbours in Mecca that he was the long-expected prophet sent by Allah to save the world. The neighbours laughed most heartily and when Mohammed continued to annoy them with his speeches they decided to kill him. They regarded him as a lunatic and a public bore who deserved no mercy. Mohammed heard of the plot and in the dark of night he fled to Medina together with Abu Bekr, his trusted pupil. This happened in the year 622. It is the most important date in Mohammedan history and is known as the Hegira-the year of the Great Flight.
穆罕默德決心成為阿拉伯人的摩西。他不能一邊趕駱駝,一邊當先知。于是,他迎娶了他的雇主查迪雅,一個有錢的寡婦 ,先使自己獲得了經濟上的獨立。之后,他開始向鄰居們布道,稱自己就是眾人期盼已久的先知,真主安拉派遣他來拯救世界。聽罷他的話,鄰居們不僅不理會,反而大加嘲笑。但穆罕默德非常執著,繼續向鄰居們講道,終于讓他們覺得煩擾了。他們將他視為瘋子和令人討厭的家伙,根本不值得同情,決意要殺死他。穆罕默德獲悉了這一陰謀,和他最信任的學生阿布·伯克爾一起,連夜出逃麥地那。這件事情發生在公元622年。它后來成為伊斯蘭教歷史上最重要的一個日子,即穆斯林紀元--紀念穆罕默德出走麥地那。

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deserved [di'zə:vd]

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adj. 應得的;理所當然的 v. 值得;應得;應受報答

 
flight [flait]

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n. 飛行,航班
n. 奇思妙想,一段樓

 
prophet ['prɔfit]

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n. 預言者,先知,提倡者

 
worship ['wə:ʃip]

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n. 崇拜,愛慕,做禮拜
vi. 做禮拜

 
independent [indi'pendənt]

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adj. 獨立的,自主的,有主見的
n. 獨立

聯想記憶
mercy ['mə:si]

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n. 憐憫,寬恕,仁慈,恩惠
adj.

 
constantly ['kɔnstəntli]

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adv. 不斷地,經常地

 
annoy [ə'nɔi]

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v. 使惱怒,使煩惱,騷擾

 
unconsciousness

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n. 人事不省;無意識;意識不清

 
plot [plɔt]

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n. 陰謀,情節,圖,(小塊)土地,
v. 繪

 
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