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Conventional wisdom about diets, including government health recommendations, seems to change all the time.
人們對飲食的普遍看法，包括政府的健康推薦，似乎永遠都在發(fā)生變化。
And yet, ads routinely come about claiming to have the answer about what we should eat.
然而廣告卻一如既往地聲稱，他們能夠回答我們應(yīng)該吃什么這個問題。
So how do we distinguish what's actually healthy from what advertisers just want us to believe is good for us?
所以我們?nèi)绾尾拍軓膹V告商們想讓我們相信對我們有好處的東西中，辨別出真正健康的食物呢？
Marketing takes advantage of the desire to drop weight fast, and be stronger, slimmer, and brighter.
營銷人員利用了我們想要快速減重，變得更強壯、更纖細、氣色更好的心愿。
And in the big picture, diet plans promising dramatic results,
大體來看，那些承諾會有顯著效果的飲食計劃，
known as fad diets, are just what they seem: too good to be true.
即流行飲食法，和它們的外表一模一樣：太過美好而不真實。
So where do diet fads even come from?
那么，膳食風(fēng)尚究竟來自何處？
While the Ancient Greeks and Romans rallied behind large-scale health regimens centuries earlier,
幾個世紀(jì)之前，在古希臘人和古羅馬人一致支持大規(guī)模的健康養(yǎng)生法時，
this phenomenon began in earnest in the Victorian Era with crazes like the vinegar diet and the Banting Diet.
這種現(xiàn)象在維多利亞時期正式形成，這期間出現(xiàn)了像喝醋減肥和節(jié)食減肥這樣的熱潮。
Since then, diets have advised us all sorts of things: to excessively chew, to not chew at all,
自那以后，飲食規(guī)定給我們提供了各種建議，比如要多咀嚼，不要咀嚼，
to swallow a grapefruit per meal, non-stop cabbage soup, even consumption of arsenic, or tapeworms.
每頓飯吃一個葡萄柚，不停地喝卷心菜湯，甚至食用砒霜或者絳蟲。
If the idea of diet crazes has withstood history, could this mean that they work?
如果這些飲食熱潮中提出的想法經(jīng)受住了歷史的檢驗，那這是不是就說明它們是有效的？
In the short term, the answer is often yes.
短期來看，答案往往是肯定的。
Low-carbohydrate plans, like the popular Atkins or South Beach Diets, have an initial diuretic effect.
碳水化合物含量低的植物，比如流行的阿金飲食法或邁阿密飲食法，都有初步的利尿效果。
