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And here again it just show California where the progressive in green and the Democrats in blue
這來看看加州的情況，綠色代表進步黨，藍色代表民主黨
You can see look at the Bay Area, Wilson took San Mateo and San Francisco, but
在舊金山灣區的威爾遜僅拿下了圣馬特奧和舊金山，但
Roosevelt basically took the Bay Area and took most of the southern California as well
西奧多則幾乎贏下了整個灣區并且贏得了加州南部的大部分地區
Socialists did quite well: here is Eugene Debs getting 12% of the votes in San Francisco
社會主義者的表現也很好——來看看尤金·德布斯在舊金山獲得了12%的選票
12% in San Mateo, 16% in Contra Costa, 9% in Santa Clara, 14% in Alameda
在圣馬特奧獲得了12%，康查柯斯達縣16%，圣塔克拉拉9%，阿拉梅達縣14%
and I throw in Nevada county and Calaveras county in the Sierra Foothills as the gold mining counties
我還加入了內華達縣、克拉瓦拉縣這兩個鋸齒丘陵區的金礦大縣來做比較
and the socialists did very well at that time
尤金在這兩個縣都獲得了不少支持
You look at it today these counties are 60% Republican voting easily
如今這些縣的共和黨支持率很容易上60%
Socialists wouldn't get very many votes in Calaveras county today
如今社會主義者不可能再在卡拉瓦拉縣獲得那么多選票
Believe me, I grew up there, so I know that county pretty well
相信我，我在那兒長大的，所以我對這些縣非常了解
Federal Reserve Districts, I throw this map try to look a little bit about what Wilson did as president
聯邦儲備區，通過這幅地圖可以稍微了解到威爾遜在任時做了些什么
He was a progressive Democrat
他是一名進步派民主黨人
He pushed through a lot of progressive reforms
他推進了一系列的進步改革
He created a Federal Trade Commission
他創立了聯邦貿易委員會
He lowered the tariff, but how that's interesting, the Democrats always want to lower the tariff
降低了關稅，很有意思，民主黨人總是想降低關稅
There is a problem you lower the tariff
但這樣做會產生一個問題
What about the revenue
用什么來填補減少的財政收入
The tariff is a huge source of revenue for the government, so he had to make up for it
關稅是政府收入的一大來源，因此采取填補收入的措施
The answer was graduated income tax which actually tooka constitutional amendment to allow that to happen
解決的方法是分級稅收制，事實上就是制定一個憲法修正案來保證其實施
So we got the first income tax in the United States
美國的收入稅由此誕生
