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By 1236 Batu's forces reached the Volga river.
1236年拔都的軍隊到達了伏爾加河。
By late 1237 Batu began picking off one by one of the big cities of Kiev and Russ.
到1237年底拔都開始一個一個拿下基輔和俄羅斯的大城市。
Moscow was sacked and burned in January 1238.
莫斯科在1238年一月被洗劫燒毀。
The capital of city of Vladimir was captured and burned to the ground in February.
首都弗拉迪米爾也被占領，在二月被夷為平地。
Kiev finally fell by storm in 1240.
基輔最終在1240暴風般陷。
The only major city to avoid the doom, despair and agony of Mongol conquest was Great Novgorod.
唯一一個避免由蒙古征服帶來的厄運、絕望和痛苦的大城市是諾夫哥羅德公國,
Which was further North West than the Mongols cared to travel.
因為它更靠西北部，是蒙古人不感興趣的地方。
The Mongols preferred traveling West overrunning Poland and Hungary.
蒙古人更愿意向西征戰，入侵波蘭和匈牙利。
In 1241 Batu was planning attacks on Austria, Germany and Italy
1241年拔都計劃襲擊奧地利、德國和意大利
when he was called home to participate in electing a successor for Ogodai Khan.
那時他卻被召回參加角逐窩闊臺的繼承人。
By 1242 The Golden Hoard's Age of Conquest was fortunately for Western Civilization finished once and for all.
1242年金帳汗國的征戰時代最終結束了，這對西方文明來說真是一大利好消息。
Yet the Golden Horde or the Kipchuks as they were also known were not interested in occupying and ruling the new conquests.
然而金帳汗國或是察合臺都對占領和治理新的征服地不感興趣。
Blood thirsty as they had been during war time, they pursued a hands off policy after.
他們在戰爭中很殘忍，征服之后，他們對征服地實行不干涉政策。
The Russ Princes were allowed to rule their own individual Russ cities more or less as they pleased.
所以俄羅斯大公多多少少是按自己的意愿管理自己的城市。
