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經(jīng)濟學(xué)人:編程訓(xùn)練營 莫為高薪貿(mào)然嘗試盈利性速成班

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United States: Computing boot-camp: Risks and rewards

美國:編程訓(xùn)練營:風(fēng)險與回報
Should for-profit crash courses get federal funds?
盈利性速成班是否應(yīng)該得到聯(lián)邦基金的贊助?
Liberal arts degrees and computer savvy rarely sit comfortably together.
文學(xué)學(xué)位和精通計算機很難兼得。
But computer-programming is increasingly where the jobs are.
然而,工作越來越需要掌握計算機編程。

編程訓(xùn)練營.jpeg

This logic guided Adam Enbar and Avi Flombaum in 2012 to found Flatiron, one of many coding boot-camps sprinkled across America.

正出于此,亞當(dāng)·恩巴爾和阿維弗朗博于2012年創(chuàng)辦了Flatiron學(xué)校,F(xiàn)latiron只是遍布全美的編程訓(xùn)練營之一。
The camps offer intensive courses in web development, usually lasting three to six months.
該訓(xùn)練營開設(shè)網(wǎng)站開發(fā)強化課程,通常為期3到6個月,
They aim to prepare students for software-engineering jobs, while offering career advice and the chance to network: in short, vocational school for the information age.
旨在為那些尋找計算機工程崗位的學(xué)生做準備,給他們進行職業(yè)規(guī)劃,并提供接觸計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的機會:簡而言之,編程訓(xùn)練營是為信息時代量身定做的職業(yè)學(xué)校。
They have emerged to fill a pressing demand for coders.
編程訓(xùn)練營的相繼涌出滿足了對程序員的迫切需求。
Software-engineering jobs will grow at a rate of 18.8% by 2024, nearly triple the rate of overall job growth, according to the bureau of Labor Statistics.
根據(jù)勞工統(tǒng)計局的數(shù)據(jù),軟件工程崗位的增長率在2024年將達到18.8%,而這一數(shù)值幾乎是總體崗位增長率的三倍。
So boot-camps are multiplying.
這也是此類訓(xùn)練營迅猛發(fā)展的主要原因。
In 2015 more than 16,000 students graduated from them, a 138% increase from the year before, according to Course Report, an organization that tracks the industry.
Course Report是一家追蹤報道該產(chǎn)業(yè)的組織,其數(shù)據(jù)表明,2015年有超過16,000名學(xué)生從訓(xùn)練營畢業(yè),比往年增長了138%。
They are also big business: publicly traded for-profit education companies are crowding in.
編程訓(xùn)練營中也不乏一些大企業(yè):上市的盈利性教育公司正大量涌入。
Most boot-camp students are between 22 and 35 and have a college degree.
絕大多數(shù)訓(xùn)練營的學(xué)員年齡介于22和35歲之間,并且擁有大學(xué)學(xué)位。
Some have developed an interest in programming since graduation, or see it as a route to higher pay.
一些人是畢業(yè)后對編程產(chǎn)生了興趣,而另一些人則視編程為獲取高薪的途徑。
Sarah Natow, a Harvard graduate, worked in museum fundraising until, dissatisfied with the non-profit sector, she gave up her job and started a course at General Assembly, a boot-camp in New York.
莎拉·諾頓(Sarah Natow)畢業(yè)于哈佛,曾經(jīng)從事博物館籌款工作,然而這一非營利性部門未能讓她感到滿足,于是她辭去了工作,開始在紐約的培訓(xùn)學(xué)校General Assembly學(xué)習(xí)。
She felt she needed "some skill set that would give me an entree into some other area", and General Assembly offered a fairly quick fix:
她感到她需要“一整套能夠讓她從事其他領(lǐng)域工作的技能”,而General Assembly為她建議了一個相當(dāng)便捷的方法:
three months for $13,500, as opposed to hundreds of thousands of dollars for a two-year masters programme.
參加一個價值13500美元為期三個月的課程,而不是耗費幾十萬美元進行為期兩年的碩士課程學(xué)習(xí)。
The first job after a boot-camp may not pay that well, explains Natacha Springer, who worked in biotech for ten years, took time off to bring up children, and then attended Flatiron.
從訓(xùn)練營結(jié)業(yè)后的第一份工作的工資可能不是那么令人滿意,娜塔莎·施普林格(Natacha Springer)解釋道,娜塔莎(Natacha)曾在生物技術(shù)領(lǐng)域工作了10年,隨后休假帶孩子,之后便加入了Flatiron。
But she saw a 40% salary increase when she started her second job, and now works as a software engineer for a salary in six figures.
然而當(dāng)她從事第二份工作,她的薪酬漲了40%,而如今,她成為了一名能拿到6位數(shù)工資的軟件工程師。
Boot-camps claim that over 95% of graduates find jobs as software engineers; starting salaries, they say, average around $65,000.
這些訓(xùn)練營聲稱,超過95%的學(xué)生畢業(yè)后以軟件工程師為職,并且起薪平均都在6萬5千美元左右。
Such claims are seldom independently verified.
然而此類言論很少經(jīng)過獨立查證。
As the camps proliferate and more second-rate schools enter the market, quality may suffer.
訓(xùn)練營的激增以及進入該市場的二流大學(xué)的增多,教學(xué)質(zhì)量難以保證。
Critics also argue that no crash course can compare with a computer-science degree.
批評家們也議論說,沒有速成班可以與一個計算機學(xué)位相提并論。
They contend that three months’ study of algorithms and data structures is barely enough to get an entry-level job.
他們認定,三個月中學(xué)習(xí)到的算法和數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)連從事入門級工作都不怎么夠。
Until now, worries about quality have mattered only to those who can afford boot-camps or can secure private loans to attend: tuition fees range from $10,000 to $20,000.
直到如今,有關(guān)教學(xué)質(zhì)量的擔(dān)憂僅存在于那些付得起訓(xùn)練營學(xué)費以及能獲得私人貸款的人身上:訓(xùn)練營的費用從1萬美元到2萬美元不等。
That is about to change.
但這種情況即將發(fā)生改變。
Last year the Department of Education announced a pilot programme to make federal funds available to boot-camps, which are currently unaccredited and whose students are therefore ineligible for federal aid.
去年,教育部公布了一個試點項目,使得聯(lián)邦基金同樣適用于那些當(dāng)前還未得到認可,其學(xué)員也因此沒有資格獲得聯(lián)邦補助的編程訓(xùn)練營。
As part of the programme, up to ten accredited colleges will work in partnership with "non-traditional providers", like boot-camps, and the quality of the camps will be assessed by a third party.
作為項目的一部分,多達10所經(jīng)過認可的大學(xué)將與“非傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)機構(gòu)”(如一些集中營)進行合作辦學(xué),并且這類訓(xùn)練營的教學(xué)質(zhì)量將由第三方評估。
The goal is both to open the boot-camps to students from poorer backgrounds, and to improve oversight of the courses offered.
其目的不進是使得這類訓(xùn)練營面向貧困生,也能更好地監(jiān)管這些市面上的課程。
Many who follow the education business worry about federal involvement.
許多從事教育事業(yè)的人對聯(lián)邦政府的參與感到擔(dān)憂。
For-profit education companies have a mixed history in America; they have been known to take federal money while overpromising, offering sub-standard instruction and saddling unsuspecting students with debt.
盈利性教育公司在美國有一段錯綜復(fù)雜的歷史,這些公司接受聯(lián)邦政府的資助,過分夸大卻提供不符合標準的教學(xué),并且將債務(wù)強加給那些沒有戒心的學(xué)生的劣跡已經(jīng)是眾所周知。
So far, says Barmak Nassirian of the American Association of State Colleges and Universities, boot-camps have not been proved to do much for low-income students without a college degree.
美國國家高等院校協(xié)會的巴馬克·納西里安(Barmak Nassirian)聲稱,至今也沒有證據(jù)顯示,這些訓(xùn)練營為那些未獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位的低收入學(xué)生帶來了多大的貢獻。
Mr Nassirian is right.
納西里安先生沒說錯。
The vast majority of today's boot-camp students are sophisticated consumers who have gone through college.
如今參加訓(xùn)練營的學(xué)生大多都是念完大學(xué)的精明消費者。
They view the courses as an expensive but necessary add-on, and judge their quality by how much private investment they attract.
他們認為這種課程雖然價格高昂,卻是不可缺的附加課程,并且他們會根據(jù)這類課程所吸引的學(xué)生的投資多少來判別其教學(xué)質(zhì)量。
That is how for-profit education companies should work.
而這正是盈利性公司贏利的方式。
To offer these companies the open spigot of federal funding seems too risky, both for taxpayers and for student borrowers.
為這些公司開啟聯(lián)邦資助的“水龍頭”,對于納稅人以及貸款學(xué)生來說,未免顯得過于冒險。

譯者:玲玲

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