There be 兩大非謂語形式
There be 做非謂語時,be可以是不定式(to be)或(being),所以非謂語形式有 there being 和 there to be. There 作邏輯主語。非謂語形式的 there to be 和there being 結構可用作主語、賓語、或狀語等。
1. 作主語
(1) 有for引導:
It's a great pity for there to be much trouble in the class.
太遺憾了,這個班上有多方面的麻煩。
It is common for there to be problems of communication between teachers and students.
老師與學生人之間存在著溝通問題是很常見的。
(2) 沒有for引導,則用there being:
There being a public bus service is a great convenience to people.
公交車對人們十分方便。
The prison is heavily guarded. There being no hope of escape is certain.
監獄看守極嚴,逃走是沒有希望了。
2. 作動詞賓語
(1) 有些動詞后只能跟動名詞,這些動詞后用there being. 常見的動詞有:deny(否認), appreciate(喜歡), mind(介意), imagine(想像), admit(承認)等:
She denied there being any misunderstanding between them.
她否認他們之間有任何誤會。
I don't mind there being no TV set in the room.
我并不在意房間里有沒有電視。
You can imagine there being a hot discussion about it.
你可以想像得到人們對此會有一場激烈的討論。
(2)有些動詞后只能跟不定式,這些動詞后用there to be. 常見的動詞有:want(想), expect(期待), wish(期望), like(喜歡、想要) , hate(討厭), would like(想要), prefer(寧愿,想要), mean(打算), intend (想要)等:
Teachers don't want there to be any students lagging behind.
老師不希望有任何學生掉隊。
They hate there to be long queues everywhere.
他們不愿意處處都要排長隊。
3.作狀語
(1)作獨立主格結構,用there being,可表示原因:
There being nothing else to do, they went home.
沒有別的事做,他們回家了。
There being nobody else to help me, I had to do by myself.
由于沒有人幫我,我只得單干了
(2)但若置于介詞for之后,則用there to be,整個介詞短語作程度狀語:
It was too late for there to be any buses.
太晚了,不會有公共汽車了。
It is enough for there to be five minutes.
五分鐘就足夠了。
4. There being可以用作一個介詞的復合賓語
The Chinese are proud of there being the Great Wall in North China.
中國人以在中國北部有個長城而自豪。
作介詞的賓語一般用There being句式,但當是for時一般用there to be句式。
(1)This depended on there being a sudden change.
這需要有一個突然的改變。
(2)The teacher was waiting for there to be complete silence.
老師在等著大家都安靜下來。