92. Queen Anne's War, 1701~13.
92.安妮女王之戰(1701~1713年)
In 1701 the conflict began again. It lasted for twelve years, until 1713. It was in this war that the Duke of Marlborough won the battle of Blenheim and made for himself a great reputation. In America the French and Indians made long expeditions to New England. The English colonists again attacked Quebec and again failed. In one thing, however, they were successful. They again seized Port Royal. This time the English kept Port Royal and all Acadia. Port Royal they called Annapolis, and the name of Acadia was changed to Nova Scotia.
1701年戰火又起,這場戰爭一直持續了十二年之久, 正是在這場戰爭中,馬爾伯勒公爵贏得了布雷海姆戰役的勝利 ,這讓他名聲大振。在美洲,法國人和印第安人遠征新英格蘭 ,英國殖民者再次攻擊魁北克并再遭失敗,然而, 英國殖民者在一件事情上獲得勝利,那就是, 他們奪取了皇家港口。 英國人這一次擁有了皇家港口和整個阿卡迪亞, 他們把皇家港口叫做安那波利斯, 并改稱阿卡迪亞為諾瓦斯科夏。
93. King George's War, 1744~48.
93.喬治國王之戰(1744~1748年)
From 1713 until 1744 there was no war between the English and the French. But in 1744 fighting began again in earnest. The French and Indians attacked the New England frontier towns and killed many people. But the New Englanders, on their part, won a great success. After the French lost Acadia they built a strong fortress on the island of Cape Breton. To this they gave the name of Louisburg. The New Englanders fitted out a great expedition and captured Louisburg without much help from the English. But at the close of the war (1748) the fortress was given back to the French, to the disgust of the New Englanders.
從1713年到1744年英法之間沒有戰爭,但是, 1744年蓄意已久的戰爭終于爆發。 法國人和印第安人攻擊新英格蘭的邊境城鎮并殺死許多人, 但是,新英格蘭人卻獲得一場大捷。 法國人失去阿卡迪亞之后在布里多尼海角的島上建了一座堅固 的堡壘,并命名為路易斯堡。 新英格蘭人成立一支精銳的遠征軍, 在沒有得到英國多少幫助的情況下就占領了路易斯堡, 但令新英格蘭人惱怒的是, 在戰爭結束之際英國又將路易斯堡歸還法國。
94.The French in the Mississippi Valley.
94.法國人在密西西比河流域
The Spaniards had discovered the Mississippi and had explored its lower valley. But they had found no gold there and had abandoned the country. It was left for French explorers more than one hundred years later to rediscover the great river and to explore it from its upper waters to the Gulf of Mexico. The first Frenchman to sail down the river to its mouth was La Salle. In 1681, with three canoes, he floated down the Mississippi, until he reached a place where the great river divided into three large branches. He sent one canoe down each branch. Returning, they all reported that they had reached the open sea.
西班牙人已經發現了密西西比河, 并到過它的下游河谷探險,但是,他們沒有在那里找到黃金, 并且,放棄了那個地方。一百多年后, 法國探險者再次發現這條大河, 并從它的上游水域到達墨西哥灣。 第一個沿著密西西比河向下航行到入海口的是拉薩爾,1681年 ,他帶著三條獨木舟沿著密西西比河順流而下, 到達這條大河被分為三個支流的地方, 他向三個方向分別派出一條獨木舟, 三個方向回來的人都報告說他們到過大海。