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Academy Awards
學(xué)院獎(jiǎng)
The ceremony of Academy Awards (frequently well known as the Oscars)，which is considerate to be one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world, is presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. The award aims to recognize excellence professionals in the film industry, including directors, actors, writers, etc. The first awards were presented in Hollywood's Roosevelt Hotel on May 16，1929, with an audience of about 26 people.
學(xué)院獎(jiǎng)（也就是大家所熟知的奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng)）頒獎(jiǎng)典禮. 這個(gè)被公認(rèn)為是當(dāng)今世界上最重要的頒獎(jiǎng)典禮之一的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，每年由電影藝術(shù)與科學(xué)學(xué)院頒發(fā)。此獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)目的在于表彰電影行業(yè)的優(yōu)秀工作者，其中包括導(dǎo)演、演員和編劇等。第一屆奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng)于1929年5月16日在好萊塢的羅斯福酒店頒發(fā)，當(dāng)時(shí)在場(chǎng)觀眾大約有26人。
At the very beginning, the award was given to a professional for all his performance in a certain category. Just like Emil Jannings, the first Academy Award winner in history received the prize for his outstanding performance in two films，The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. But the system has changed since the fourth ceremony; the professionals were awarded for a specific performance in a single film.
最初，此獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)會(huì)頒發(fā)給某位在某一特定范圍內(nèi)表現(xiàn)出色的演員。例如埃米爾·杰寧斯因其在《最后的命令》和《眾生之路》兩部電影中的不俗表現(xiàn)成為了第一屆奧斯卡最佳演員獲得者。但是從第四屆頒獎(jiǎng)典禮開始，整個(gè)體系發(fā)生了改變;組織者僅僅依據(jù)演員在某一部影片中的表現(xiàn)來判斷他/她有無資格獲獎(jiǎng)。
At the ceremony, the winner will be presented a gold-plated statuette which is 13.5 inches 5 in height and 3.9 kilos in weight. The statuette depicts a naked man holding a crusader sword stands on a reel of film with five spokes which represent the important branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers and Technicians. In the early time, the statues were made of bronze, and during the World War II，due to the shortage of metals, the plaster was used to replace the bronze to make the statuettes. After the war, those plaster statuettes were redeemed for the gold-plated ones. Since 1950, it has been required that neither winners nor their heirs may have the right to sell the statuettes without first offering to sell them back to the Academy.
在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上，獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔@得一個(gè)鍍金的金像獎(jiǎng)座，雕像高13.5英寸，重3.9千克。 雕像外形為一個(gè)手持十字軍戰(zhàn)士長(zhǎng)劍的裸體男子，站在一個(gè)五環(huán)片盤上，每個(gè)片盤代表影藝學(xué)院的一個(gè)重要工作部門：演員、編劇、導(dǎo)演、制片及技術(shù)人員。奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)?lì)C發(fā)伊始，雕像由青銅制成，但是在二戰(zhàn)期間，由于金屬匱乏，由石膏代替青銅來鑄造雕像。戰(zhàn)后，這些石膏雕像均被收回，而代之以鍍金雕像。方明文規(guī)定金像獎(jiǎng)獲得者及其后人均無權(quán)利擅自出售獎(jiǎng)杯，只能將獎(jiǎng)杯有償轉(zhuǎn)讓給學(xué)院。
The awards are presented at a live televised ceremony, most commonly in February or March and six weeks after the announcement of the nominees. Generally speaking, the film awards season would begin in November or December of the previous year and the coming of Academy Awards is doubtlessly the culmination. At the grand ceremony, the invited guests dressed in creations of the most prominent fashion designers of the day walk up the red carpet. Usually, black tie dress is more common than any other outfit for men and women, who are gorgeously dressed and richly ornamented，will not hesitate to seize the opportunity to show off their slender figures.
奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮會(huì)通過電視直播， 通常在每年的二月份或三月份舉行，即在各項(xiàng)獲獎(jiǎng)提名宣布的6周之后。一般而言，是在上一年的11月份或12月份便會(huì)掀起電影獎(jiǎng)的熱潮，而奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮的到來無疑會(huì)將這種熱潮推向頂峰。在這盛大的頒獎(jiǎng)典 禮上，受邀請(qǐng)嘉賓將身著時(shí)下頂級(jí)服裝設(shè)計(jì)師的得意之作走向紅地毯。通常，配有黑領(lǐng)帶的西服是男士的最佳選擇，而身著華麗服飾、大放異彩的女士們更會(huì)毫不猶豫地借此機(jī)會(huì)大秀傲人身姿。
Every year, the televised ceremony of The Academy Awards wins countless viewers throughout the world besides those in the United States, Canada, or the United Kingdom. It is reported that the 2007 ceremony was watched by more than 40 million Americans.
每年，通過電視直播的奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮都會(huì)吸引無數(shù)除美國、加拿大、英國之外的世界上其他國家觀眾。據(jù)報(bào)道，有超過四千萬名美國觀眾收看了2007年的奧斯卡頒獎(jiǎng)典禮。
So far, the actress who gets the most nominations in Oscar history is Meryl Streep. She was nominated for the actress in a leading role for 13 times and the actress in a supporting role for 3 times. While the actress who won the Academy Awards most is Katharine Hepburn, she was the winner of Best Actress in a Leading Role for 4 times (they were 6th, 40th, 41st, 54th Academy Award respectively), which made her a symbol in American film and drama industry and a legend in Hollywood. No one has surpassed her in winning the award.
到目前為止，在奧斯卡歷史上被提名次數(shù)最多的女演員當(dāng)數(shù)梅麗爾·斯特里普， 她曾經(jīng)13次被提名為最佳女主角，3次被提名為最佳女配角。而獲獎(jiǎng)次數(shù)最多的女演員是凱瑟琳·赫本，她曾經(jīng)4次獲得奧斯卡最佳女主角獎(jiǎng)。它們分別是第六屆、第四十屆、第四十一屆和第五十四屆奧斯卡金像獎(jiǎng)。并因此成為美國電影和戲劇史上的標(biāo)志性人物，也成為好萊塢的一個(gè)傳奇。她的成就令其他演員難以望其項(xiàng)背。
