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Maintaining the Limes or border area was crucial to the empire's defenses
帝國防御中至為關(guān)鍵的一方面就是保持邊疆地區(qū)的穩(wěn)定，
wherever possible the Romans counted on natural boundaries like rivers, mountains or deserts to keep the empire safe.
羅馬軍隊?wèi){借自然邊界的優(yōu)勢，例如河流山峰或者沙漠來保衛(wèi)帝國安全。
But in the wide open spaces the Romans worked out a combination of fortifications and quick response forces which served well for a long time.
但是在廣袤地帶，羅馬軍隊則是結(jié)合防御工事和快速反應(yīng)的作戰(zhàn)部隊來維持安全穩(wěn)定。
That is as long as Rome could afford to pay its soldiers.
當(dāng)然，那樣做的前提是羅馬政府支付得起軍費開支。
In segment 13 c crisis of the third century AD 13c basically everything goes wrong.
公元第三世紀的危機基本上一切都出岔子了。
Barbarians at the doorstep, imbeciles on the throne,
野蠻人逼近腹地，傻瓜當(dāng)政，
and to top everything off it seemed to the average Roman pagan in the street that the gods were angry.
最糟糕的是，對于街頭的羅馬異教徒而言，他們的神明似乎生氣了。
The roman armies were often too busy fighting each other to do their job of fending off enemies and holding the Limes or borders.
羅馬軍團忙于互相爭戰(zhàn)，無暇擊退敵人，保衛(wèi)邊疆。
Emperors it seemed were a dime a dozen.
皇帝看起來一文不值。
And even the good emperors found exciting ways to get themselves killed.
甚至是好皇帝也能找到刺激的法子自尋死路。
It got so bad that the government would not even accept its own currency in payment of taxes.
情況非常糟糕 連政府都不愿意收以本國貨幣上繳的稅收。
Parts of the empire broke off. Other parts were over run.
帝國的一部分已經(jīng)崩塌，其它部分也都時日不久。
For the first time since Hannibal had stood at the gates nearly five centuries earlier Rome was faced with another big time gut check.
從將近五個世紀之前，漢尼拔擊敗羅馬人之后，羅馬又到了一個生死攸關(guān)的時刻。
Once more Rome had to be reinvented this time the master mind of the empire's salvation was not a blue blooded native Roman
這一次羅馬再次需要重生，但是現(xiàn)在的羅馬皇帝不是血統(tǒng)高貴的羅馬本地人，
but a general who had been born a poor Serbian child. Named, Diocletian.
而是一個窮人出身的塞爾維亞將軍，名為戴克里先。
Segment 13d roman totalitarianism, reveals the answer to Rome's ills as a top down totalitarian police state dictatorship.
13d 羅馬極權(quán)主義揭示了羅馬作為一個自上而下的極權(quán)獨裁國家所存在的種種弊端。
It was called the Dominate to distinguish it from the Principate or rule by the first man.
我們稱之為主宰以示與元首制的區(qū)別。
The emperor was now Dominus et Deius, master and god.
現(xiàn)在的皇帝是上帝是主人，是神明。
With an elaborate court ritual basically emphasizing him as a god on earth, Diocletian made massive reforms to the military, to the imperial government and to the economy.
戴克里先規(guī)定了詳盡的宮廷禮儀，強調(diào)自己作為神的存在，并且大規(guī)模地改革了軍隊，帝國政府和經(jīng)濟。
