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17. Early French Voyages, 1524-36.
17．早期法國(guó)人航海（1524——1536年）
The first French expedition to America was led by an Italian named Verrazano, but he sailed in the service of Francis I, King of France. He made his voyage in 1524 and sailed along the coast from the Cape Fear River to Nova Scotia. He entered New York harbor and spent two weeks in Newport harbor. He reported that the country was "as pleasant as it is possible to conceive." The next French expedition was led by a Frenchman named Cartier. In 1534 he visited the Gulf of St. Lawrence. In 1535 he sailed up the St. Lawrence River to Montreal. But before he could get out of the river again the ice formed about his ships. He and his crew had to pass the winter there. They suffered terribly, and twenty-four of them perished of cold and sickness. In the spring of 1536 the survivors returned to France.
法國(guó)第一支開往美國(guó)的探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)由意大利人韋拉扎諾帶領(lǐng)，此人在法國(guó)國(guó)王弗朗西斯一世的支持下開始航海。1524年韋拉扎諾開始航行，他沿著海岸線從菲爾河海角到達(dá)諾瓦斯科夏，他開進(jìn)紐約港并在新港停留了兩周，他在報(bào)告中認(rèn)為這個(gè)國(guó)家“難以想象地令人愉快”。第二支法國(guó)探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)由卡迪爾帶隊(duì)，他于1534年到達(dá)圣勞倫斯灣，1535年他沿著圣勞倫斯河到達(dá)蒙特利爾，但是，他還沒有來(lái)得及上岸，船就被河里的冰凍住，他們不得不在那里過冬，歷盡磨難，24人被嚴(yán)寒和疾病奪去生命，幸存者在1536年春天得以返回法國(guó)。
18. The French in Carolina, 1562.
18．法國(guó)人在卡羅萊納（1562年）
The French next explored the shores of the Carolinas. Ribault was the name of their commander. Sailing southward from Carolina, he discovered a beautiful river and called it the River of May. But we know it by its Spanish name of St. Johns. He left a few men on the Carolina coast and returned to France. A year or more these men remained. Then wearying of their life in the wilderness, they built a crazy boat with sails of shirts and sheets and steered for France. Soon their water gave out and then their food. Finally, almost dead, they were rescued by an English ship.
第二支法國(guó)探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)到了卡羅萊納海岸，這支隊(duì)伍的首領(lǐng)是瑞博。他們從卡羅萊納向南航行，瑞博發(fā)現(xiàn)一條美麗的河流并把它叫做“五月河”，但是，我們知道的是這條河的西班牙名字——圣約翰斯。瑞博在卡羅萊納海濱留下部分人，然后回到法國(guó)。留下的人在那里生活了一年多，他們?cè)诨臒o(wú)人煙地區(qū)備受生活之苦，以襯衣和被單為帆造成一條看起來(lái)非常荒唐的船，開往法國(guó)。這些人很快就用盡了水和食物，最后死得差不多了，只有極少人被一艘英國(guó)船救起。
19. The French in Florida, 1564-1565.
19．法國(guó)人在佛羅里達(dá)（1564——1565年）
While these Frenchmen were slowly drifting across the Atlantic, a great French expedition was sailing to Carolina. Finding Ribault’s men gone, the new colony was planted on the banks of the River of May. Soon the settlers ate up all the food they had brought with them. Then they bought food from the Indians, giving them toys and old clothes in exchange. Some of the colonists rebelled. They seized a vessel and sailed away to plunder the Spaniards in the West Indies. They told the Spaniards of the colony on the River of May, and the Spaniards resolved to destroy it.
在這些法國(guó)人緩慢地飄過大西洋的同時(shí)，一支規(guī)模巨大的法國(guó)探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)正向卡羅萊納進(jìn)發(fā)，他們沒有見到瑞博的人，便在“五月河”兩岸建立了殖民地。他們很快吃光了帶來(lái)的食物，然后又從印第安人那里買食物，用一些小玩意和舊衣服與印第安人做交易。后來(lái)殖民者中出現(xiàn)了一些叛亂分子，他們搶了一條船離開卡羅萊納，去掠奪西印度群島的西班牙人，并向西班牙人講起在“五月河”的殖民地，西班牙人決定摧毀這個(gè)殖民地。
20. The Spaniards in Florida, 1565.
20．西班牙人在佛羅里達(dá)（1565年）
For this purpose the Spaniards sent out an expedition under Menendez. He sailed to the River of May and found Ribault there with a French fleet. So he turned southward, and going ashore founded St. Augustine. Ribault followed, but a terrible storm drove his whole fleet ashore south of St. Augustine. Menendez then marched over land to the French colony. He surprised the colonists and killed nearly all of them. Then going back to St. Augustine, he found Ribault and his shipwrecked sailors and killed nearly all of them. In this way ended the French attempts to found a colony in Carolina and Florida. But St. Augustine remained, and is today the oldest town on the mainland of the United States.
為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這個(gè)目的，西班牙人派出一支由美內(nèi)德茨率領(lǐng)的遠(yuǎn)征軍。美內(nèi)德茨率隊(duì)到了“五月河”并找到瑞博和他的一艘法國(guó)船隊(duì)。美內(nèi)德茨率隊(duì)南下，在岸上創(chuàng)建圣奧古斯丁，瑞博尾隨而來(lái)，但是，一場(chǎng)可怕的風(fēng)暴將他的整個(gè)艦隊(duì)推到圣奧古斯丁南部的岸上。美內(nèi)德茨在陸地上向法國(guó)人的殖民地奔襲，殖民者大吃一驚，美內(nèi)德茨幾乎殺光了殖民者，然后，他回到圣奧古斯丁，找到瑞博和他的失事船員，并將他們?nèi)繗⒌簟＿@樣法國(guó)人試圖在卡羅萊納和佛羅里達(dá)找到殖民地的企圖以失敗告終。但是，圣奧古斯丁留下來(lái)了，這就是今天美國(guó)大陸上最古老的城市。
