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Octavian's brilliant arrangement which is known as the Principate,
屋大維的天才解決辦法是元首制，
ruled by the Princeps or first man, could just as easily be termed a dictatorship
由元首統治很容易讓人想到獨裁
but comparing the two centuries of Pax Romano which resulted from the principate with the century of civil war
但是相比之前的內戰，元首制帶來的兩百多年的羅馬和平繁榮
which had preceded it the Principate literally saved the Roman empire.
實際上挽救了羅馬皇帝。
Octavian was no saint;
屋大維不是圣人；
he could not fight Anthony in the Senatorial faction at the same time.
他不能同時在元老院派系上同安東尼斗爭。
So he set up the second Triumvirate with Anthony and an Aristic counterweight named Lepidus or pretty boy.
因此他建立了后三巨頭制度，其他兩位是安東尼和雷必達或漂亮男孩
Unlike the so called first Triumvirate of Caesar, Crasses and Pompei,
和凱撒 克拉蘇 龐培的前三巨頭同盟不同的是，
the second Triumvirate of Octavian,
后三巨頭
Anthony and pretty boy Lepidus was a legal arrangement backed up by Julius Caesar's adoring veterans.
屋大維 安東尼和漂亮男孩雷必達是由崇拜凱撒的退伍軍人。
Unofficially the second triumvirate required its members to draw up a list of prescriptions.
擁立的法律安排，非官方情況下，后三巨頭同盟需要成員擬定法規。
Atop Anthony's hit list was the name Markus Tolius Cicero leader of the Senatorial faction.
在安東尼的黑名單上有馬庫斯·圖留斯·西塞羅是退伍軍人的領導。
Rome's greatest orator was executed with Octavian's approval.
在屋大維的允許下羅馬最偉大的演說家被處死了。
Yet at least the average roman was spared the reign of terror, which had followed the earlier civil wars.
然而至少普通的羅馬人逃離了之前內戰時期的恐怖統治。
In 42 BC the second triumvirate's forces stamped out the assassins of Julius Caesar.
在公元前42年 后三巨頭同盟鎮壓了對尤里烏斯·凱撒的刺殺。
When Lepidus mis-, temporarily mistook himself for an equal partner,
當雷必達誤認為自己是平等的合作伙伴時，
Octavian and Anthony kicked him upstairs to the job of Ponteous Maximus.
屋大維和安東尼把他踢開，讓他去管潘特斯·馬克西姆斯的工作 。
The next decade was spent in an uneasy peace between Octavian
過了10年，又讓他陷入兩難的境地
who ruled the Western Latin speaking half of the Roman world and Anthony who ruled the East Greek speaking half.
面臨屋大維領導的西部講拉丁語的羅馬世界和安東尼領導的東部說希臘語的世界。
Although Anthony had married Octavian's sister, and Octavian's sister was a loyal wife to Anthony,
盡管安東尼的妻子是屋大維的妹妹，屋大維的妹妹對安東尼十分忠誠，
Anthony took up with a mistress the now wealthy Queen Cleopatra of ancient Egypt.
安東尼找了個情婦是古埃及皇后克利歐佩特拉。
Typically of Octavian he used this as propaganda against Anthony
屋大維利用這一點來宣傳反對安東尼，
who dropped his dutiful matron Roman wife Octavia for an ancient Egyptian floozy.
指責安東尼拋棄羅馬的糟糠之妻奧克塔維亞而去追求一個古埃及的蕩婦。
Rumour even had it that Anthony wanted to leave the Eastern Roman empire to his children with Cleopatra, as king and queen.
流言甚至說安東尼想要以國王和王后身份，把東羅馬帝國留給他和克利歐佩特拉的孩子。
A showdown eventually came;
一場決戰最終到來了；
ended by Agrippa's victory at the battle of Actio in 31 BC.
公元前31年阿古利巴取得了亞克提姆戰役的勝利。
After a year's worth of mop up activities in ancient Egypt 33 year old Octavian was sole ruler of the Roman world.
經歷了一年多的肅清運動，在古埃及33歲的屋大維成為了羅馬世界的唯一統治者。
