評論
打印
When evaluating the safety of food additives
在評估食品添加劑的安全上
the following criteria are examined by the federal drug administration.
聯邦藥品管理局制定了以下幾方面標準
The composition and the properties of the substance the amount that would typically be consumed,
添加劑的成分和性質使用的數量
immediate and long-term health effects and various other safety factors.
及時和長期的健康效應以及一些其他的安全因素
The FDA defines a food additive is safe when knowledgeable scientists can confirm that
食品及藥物管理局規定,如果權威專家能夠保證該種物質的使用無害
a substance is not harmful for its intended uses.
那么它就是安全的
The data must reflect safety depending on how it is going to be used,
數據必須從以下方面反應出它的安全性，如何使用添加劑，
how much will be consumed and the population that will be consuming the product.
使用數量是多少以及將食用這種產品的人口數
During the evaluation process by the FDA
在食品及藥物管理局的評估過程中
the level that should be used is determined by a built in safety margin.
添加劑的使用量由規定的安全權限決定
And will only allow the use of minimal amounts that
而且該機構僅批準對人體無害
would be harmless for human consumption and not cause any negative effects.
且不會產生消極影響的最低劑量
After the criteria is investigated the FDA makes their judgment based on the scientific evidence
做完使用標準的調查并在科學證明的基礎上
that is available to determine that the additive will cause no negative side effect.
食品及藥物管理局認定添加劑的使用不會給人體帶來副作用
The generally recognized as safe, or GRAS,
條目GRAS(一般認為安全的)就是
the term is used by the FDA to describe products that are added to our food.
食藥局用來形容加入食品中的產品的
Items on the GRAS list are scientifically proven to be safe.
GRAS清單上的所有物質都是科學認證的安全產品
If the FDA does not approve a product
如果食藥局沒有認證某種物質
they will take the action to prevent the distribution of that product.
那么他就會禁止這種物質的流通使用
Products must be proven to be safe for the intended use
某種物質只有在被驗證安全后
before they are allowed to be placed on the market for consumers to purchase.
才能進入市場供消費者購買
There are two types of food additives, direct and indirect.
市場上主要有兩種添加劑，直接型和間接型的
A direct food additive is what is added to food for a specific purpose.
直接食品添加劑是指為了特定目的加入食品的
An example of a direct additive would be gums.
如口香糖
But not the type we chew as chewing gum.
但這里并非指我們嚼的那種
Gums are added to things such as salad dressings, pie fillings, frozen foods and even toothpaste.
而是加入到色拉醬調料，餡餅，冷凍食品甚至是牙膏中的那種
By adding gum to the food it provides more stability a longer shelf life and a better mouth feel and texture.
食品中加入口香糖能夠使之更具穩定性，貯藏時間更久，口感質地更精良
You can find most direct additives on the food label,
我們在貨架上能找到很多的直接食品添加劑
a direct additive that will be covered later in this presentation is butylated hydroxyanisole, or BHA.
本講稍后還會提到丁基羥基茴香醚就是這類中的一種
